51st parallel north
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The 51st parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 51 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses Europe, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, North America, and the Atlantic Ocean.
At this latitude the sun is visible for 16 hours, 33 minutes during the summer solstice and 7 hours, 55 minutes during the winter solstice.[1]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/51st_parallel_north.jpg/220px-51st_parallel_north.jpg)
Capital cities between the 51st and 52nd parallels are London and Astana.
Around the world
Starting at the Prime Meridian (just north of the Sheffield Park Garden in East Sussex, England) and heading eastwards, the parallel 51° north passes through:
Co-ordinates Country, territory or sea Notes 51°0′N 0°0′E / 51.000°N 0.000°E / 51.000; 0.000 (Prime Meridian) United Kingdom
England: East Sussex, Kent (just south of Dover) 51°0′N 1°30′E / 51.000°N 1.500°E / 51.000; 1.500 (Strait of Dover) Strait of Dover Crosses the Channel Tunnel 51°0′N 2°0′E / 51.000°N 2.000°E / 51.000; 2.000 (France) France
Nord-Pas-de-Calais — passing just south of Dunkirk and the northernmost point of France 51°0′N 2°34′E / 51.000°N 2.567°E / 51.000; 2.567 (Belgium) Belgium
Passing all 5 provinces of Flanders 51°0′N 5°46′E / 51.000°N 5.767°E / 51.000; 5.767 (Netherlands) Netherlands
Limburg — for about 10 km (6.2 mi) — passing through Sittard 51°0′N 5°54′E / 51.000°N 5.900°E / 51.000; 5.900 (Germany) Germany
North Rhine-Westphalia — passing through northern Cologne
Hesse
Thuringia — passing through Erfurt
Saxony-Anhalt
Thuringia
Saxony — passing just south of Dresden51°0′N 14°15′E / 51.000°N 14.250°E / 51.000; 14.250 (Czech Republic) Czech Republic
51°0′N 14°34′E / 51.000°N 14.567°E / 51.000; 14.567 (Germany) Germany
Saxony 51°0′N 14°55′E / 51.000°N 14.917°E / 51.000; 14.917 (Poland) Poland
For about 4 km (2.5 mi) 51°0′N 14°58′E / 51.000°N 14.967°E / 51.000; 14.967 (Czech Republic) Czech Republic
51°0′N 15°6′E / 51.000°N 15.100°E / 51.000; 15.100 (Poland) Poland
For about 3 km (1.9 mi) 51°0′N 15°8′E / 51.000°N 15.133°E / 51.000; 15.133 (Czech Republic) Czech Republic
For about 3 km (1.9 mi) 51°0′N 15°10′E / 51.000°N 15.167°E / 51.000; 15.167 (Poland) Poland
Passing just south of Wrocław 51°0′N 23°57′E / 51.000°N 23.950°E / 51.000; 23.950 (Ukraine) Ukraine
Volyn oblast — passing just north of Lutsk
Rivne Oblast
Zhytomyr Oblast — passing just north of Korosten
Kyiv Oblast — passing through Kiev Reservoir
Chernihiv Oblast — passing just south of Nizhyn
Sumy Oblast — passing just north of Sumy51°0′N 35°20′E / 51.000°N 35.333°E / 51.000; 35.333 (Russia) Russia
51°0′N 49°19′E / 51.000°N 49.317°E / 51.000; 49.317 (Kazakhstan) Kazakhstan
West Kazakhstan Region — passing just south of Oral, Kazakhstan 51°0′N 54°11′E / 51.000°N 54.183°E / 51.000; 54.183 (Russia) Russia
For about 25 km (15.5 mi) 51°0′N 54°33′E / 51.000°N 54.550°E / 51.000; 54.550 (Kazakhstan) Kazakhstan
For about 14 km (8.7 mi) 51°0′N 54°46′E / 51.000°N 54.767°E / 51.000; 54.767 (Russia) Russia
For about 118 km (73 mi) 51°0′N 56°27′E / 51.000°N 56.450°E / 51.000; 56.450 (Kazakhstan) Kazakhstan
For about 11 km (6.8 mi) 51°0′N 56°36′E / 51.000°N 56.600°E / 51.000; 56.600 (Russia) Russia
For about 9 km (5.5 mi) 51°0′N 56°44′E / 51.000°N 56.733°E / 51.000; 56.733 (Kazakhstan) Kazakhstan
For about 39 km (24 mi) 51°0′N 57°18′E / 51.000°N 57.300°E / 51.000; 57.300 (Russia) Russia
For about 32 km (19.8 mi) 51°0′N 57°45′E / 51.000°N 57.750°E / 51.000; 57.750 (Kazakhstan) Kazakhstan
For about 61 km (37 mi) 51°0′N 58°37′E / 51.000°N 58.617°E / 51.000; 58.617 (Russia) Russia
For about 199 km (123 mi) 51°0′N 61°30′E / 51.000°N 61.500°E / 51.000; 61.500 (Kazakhstan) Kazakhstan
Kostanay Region Akmola Region — passing just south of Derzhavinsk
Passing just south of Astana
51°0′N 79°53′E / 51.000°N 79.883°E / 51.000; 79.883 (Russia) Russia
For about 42 km (26 mi) 51°0′N 80°29′E / 51.000°N 80.483°E / 51.000; 80.483 (Kazakhstan) Kazakhstan
For about 42 km (26 mi) 51°0′N 81°04′E / 51.000°N 81.067°E / 51.000; 81.067 (Russia) Russia
For about 143 km (89 mi) 51°0′N 83°06′E / 51.000°N 83.100°E / 51.000; 83.100 (Kazakhstan) Kazakhstan
For about 5 km (3.1 mi) 51°0′N 83°11′E / 51.000°N 83.183°E / 51.000; 83.183 (Russia) Russia
For about 2 km (1.2 mi) 51°0′N 83°12′E / 51.000°N 83.200°E / 51.000; 83.200 (Russia) Kazakhstan
For about 15 km (9.3 mi) 51°0′N 97°50′E / 51.000°N 97.833°E / 51.000; 97.833 (Mongolia) Mongolia
Passing Lake Khövsgöl 51°0′N 102°15′E / 51.000°N 102.250°E / 51.000; 102.250 (Russia) Russia
51°0′N 119°37′E / 51.000°N 119.617°E / 51.000; 119.617 (China) People's Republic of China
Inner Mongolia
Heilongjiang51°0′N 127°0′E / 51.000°N 127.000°E / 51.000; 127.000 (Russia) Russia
51°0′N 140°38′E / 51.000°N 140.633°E / 51.000; 140.633 (Strait of Tartary) Strait of Tartary 51°0′N 142°14′E / 51.000°N 142.233°E / 51.000; 142.233 (Russia) Russia
Island of Sakhalin 51°0′N 143°36′E / 51.000°N 143.600°E / 51.000; 143.600 (Sea of Okhotsk) Sea of Okhotsk 51°0′N 156°46′E / 51.000°N 156.767°E / 51.000; 156.767 (Russia) Russia
Kamchatka Peninsula 51°0′N 156°51′E / 51.000°N 156.850°E / 51.000; 156.850 (Pacific Ocean) Pacific Ocean Passing just south of Amatignak Island, Alaska, United States
Passing just north of Vancouver Island, British Columbia,Canada
51°0′N 127°31′W / 51.000°N 127.517°W / 51.000; -127.517 (Canada) Canada
British Columbia — passing through city of Revelstoke
Alberta — passing through city of Calgary
Saskatchewan
Manitoba - passing just south of the city of Dauphin
Ontario - passing just south of the town of Red Lake
Passing just south of the tip of James Bay (51°10′N 79°50′W / 51.167°N 79.833°W / 51.167; -79.833 (Canada))
Quebec51°0′N 58°48′W / 51.000°N 58.800°W / 51.000; -58.800 (Gulf of Saint Lawrence) Gulf of Saint Lawrence 51°0′N 57°3′W / 51.000°N 57.050°W / 51.000; -57.050 (Canada) Canada
Newfoundland and Labrador — island of Newfoundland 51°0′N 55°50′W / 51.000°N 55.833°W / 51.000; -55.833 (Atlantic Ocean) Atlantic Ocean Passing just north of Groais Island, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
51°0′N 4°32′W / 51.000°N 4.533°W / 51.000; -4.533 (United Kingdom) United Kingdom
England — Devon, Dorset, Wiltshire, Hampshire (passing just north of Southampton), West Sussex, East Sussex
Russian America 1799–1824/25
In 1799 Paul I, Tsar of the Russian Empire, issued a ukase creating the Russian-American Company (RAC). It was granted monopolistic control north of the 55th parallel north, which had been the Russian claim since 1790, as well as the right to operate and occupy territory to the south as long as the lands had not been previously occupied, or dependent on any other nation.[2] In 1821 the RAC's charter was renewed and at the same time an ukase proclaimed that Russian sovereignty extended south to the 51st parallel, and that waters north of that line were closed to foreign shipping. The ukase was met with strong objections by the United States and Great Britain. Subsequent negotiations resulted in a clear and permanent boundary for Russian America, the southward terminus of which was established at 54°40′ north.[3]
See also
References
- ^ "Duration of Daylight/Darkness Table for One Year". U.S. Naval Observatory. 2019-09-24. Archived from the original on 2019-10-12. Retrieved 2021-03-10.
- ^ United States, Bering Sea Tribunal of Arbitration (1892). Fur-seal Arbitration: The Case of the United States before the Tribunal of Arbitration to convene at Paris under the provisions of the treaty between the United States of America and Great Britain, concluded February 29, 1892. United States Government Printing Office. p. 14. OCLC 68198841.
- ^ Haycox, Stephen W. (2002). Alaska: An American Colony. University of Washington Press. pp. 1118–1122. ISBN 978-0-295-98249-6.
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