Argonaut class reactor
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The Argonaut class reactor is a design of small nuclear research reactor. Many have been built throughout the world, over a wide range of power levels. Its functions are to teach nuclear reactor theory, nuclear physics and for use in engineering laboratory experiments.[1][2][3][4][5][6]
Description
The original Argonaut (Argonne Nuclear Assembly for University Training) was built at Argonne National Laboratory and went critical for the first time on February 9, 1957.[7] It was shut down in 1972. This reactor was rated for 10 kilowatts.[8][9]
Country | Facility Name | Institution | Thermal Power (kW) | Status | First criticality | Final shutdown | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Australia | MOATA | Australian Atomic Energy Commission | 100 | Decommissioned | 01/04/1961 | 31/05/1995 | [12] |
Austria | Siemens Argonaut Reaktor-Graz (SAR-Graz) | Graz University of Technology | 10 | Decommissioned | 17/05/1965 | 31/08/2004 | [13][14] |
Brazil | Argonauta | Instituto de Engenharia Nuclear (IEN) | 0.2 | Operational | 20/02/1965 | – | [15][16] |
France | Ulysse | CEA | 100 | Decommissioned | 23/07/1961 | 2007 | [17][18] |
France | Réacteur Université de Strasbourg (RUS) | University of Strasbourg | 100 | Decommissioned | 1967 | 12/1997 | [19] |
Germany | Rossendorfer Ringzonen Reaktor (RRR) | Strahlenschutz, Analytik und Entsorgung Rossendorf e.V. | 1 | Decommissioned | 16/12/1962 | 25/09/1991 | [20][21] |
Germany | Schnell-Thermischen Argonaut-Reaktor (STARK) | Karlsruher Institut für Technologie | 0.01 | Decommissioned | 11/01/1963 | 03/1976 | [20] |
Germany | AEG Prüfreaktor (PR-10) | Kraftwerk Union AG (KWU) | 0.18 | Decommissioned | 27/01/1961 | 1976 | [20] |
Germany | Siemens Argonaut Reactor (SAR) | Technical University of Munich | 1 | Decommissioned | 23/06/1968 | 31/10/1968 | [20] |
Italy | Reattore Bologna Due (RB-2) | AGIP Nucleare | 10 | Decommissioned | 28/05/1963 | 12/1980 | [22] |
Japan | University Test Reactor (UTR) | Kinki University | 0.001 | Operational | 11/11/1961 | – | [23][24][25] |
Netherlands | Low Flux Reactor (LFR) | Nuclear Research and Consultancy Group | 30 | Decommissioned | 28/08/1960 | 12/2010 | [26][27][28] |
Netherlands | Atoomreactor THE NEderland (ATHENE) | Eindhoven University of Technology | 10 | Decommissioned | 03/02/1969 | 1973 | [29][30][31] |
Spain | Argos Research Reactor | Polytechnic University of Catalonia | 1 | Decommissioned | 11/06/1962 | 06/09/1977 | [32][33][34][35] |
Spain | Argonaut Reactor Bilbao (ARBI) | University School of Technical Industrial Engineering of Bilbao | 10 | Decommissioned | 26/02/1962 | 1974 | [36] |
Taiwan | Tsing Hua Argonaut Reactor (THAR) | National Tsing Hua University | 10 | Decommissioned | 20/04/1974 | 05/1991 | [37][38] |
UK | Neutron Source Thermal Reactor (NESTOR) | AEE Winfrith | 30 | Decommissioned | 01/01/1961 | 06/1995 | [39][40] |
UK | Jason | Royal Naval College | 10 | Decommissioned | 30/09/1959 | 07/1996 | [41][42] |
UK | UTR-300 | Scottish Universities Research and Reactor Centre | 300 | Decommissioned | 01/06/1963 | 09/1995 | [43][44][45] |
UK | UTR-B | Queen Mary University of London | 100 | Decommissioned | 10/06/1968 | 04/1982 | [46][47] |
UK | Universities Research Reactor | University of Liverpool Victoria University of Manchester | 300 | Decommissioned | 07/07/1964 | 07/1991 | [48][49] |
USA | University of Florida Training Reactor (UFTR) | University of Florida | 100 | Operational | 28/05/1959 | – | [50] |
USA | UTR Test Reactor | American Radiator and Standard Sanitary Corporation | 0.015 | Decommissioned | 01/12/1961 | 1963 | [51] |
USA | University Teaching and Research Reactor (UTR-1) | American Radiator and Standard Sanitary Corporation | 0.001 | Decommissioned | 01/02/1958 | 1960 | [52] |
USA | Juggernaut | Argonne National Laboratory | 250 | Decommissioned | 11/01/1962 | 04/1970 | [53][54] |
USA | UTR-10 | Virginia Tech | 100 | Decommissioned | 01/12/1959 | 1984 | [55][56] |
USA | UTR-10 | Iowa State University | 10 | Decommissioned | 01/10/1959 | 05/1998 | [57] |
USA | UWNR | University of Washington | 100 | Decommissioned | 01/04/1961 | 06/1988 | |
USA | UCLA R1 | UCLA | 100 | Decommissioned | 01/10/1960 | 01/1984 | [58] |
See also
Citations
- ^ Armstrong, R. H; Kolb, W. L; Lennox, D. H (1957). Engineering, construction and cost of the Argonaut reactor (PDF). Lemont, Illinois: Argonne National Laboratory.
- ^ Sturm, W.J.; Daavettila, D.A. (1961). Argonaut Reactor Data-Book. A compilation of experimental and theoretical results of work done with, or related to, the Argonaut Reactor to July 1960 (Report). doi:10.2172/4054362. OSTI 4054362.
- ^ Lennox, D. H; Spinrad, B.I.; Kelber, C.N.; Armstrong, R. H; Kolb, W. L (1958). The Argonaut Reactor: A Generalized Reactor Facility For Nuclear Technology Training And Research (Report). OSTI 4306796.
- ^ Operating Manual For The Argonaut Reactor (Report). 1959. doi:10.2172/4186199. OSTI 4186199.
- ^ Armstrong, R.H.; Kelber, C.N. (1957-03-01). "Argonaut -Argonne's Reactor For University Training". Nucleonics. 15 (3). OSTI 4330322.
- ^ Kelber, C.N. (1957-05-01). The Theoretical Physics Of The Argonaut Reactor (Report). doi:10.2172/4371597. OSTI 4371597. S2CID 116375868.
- ^ Argonne National Laboratory 2016.
- ^ Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy, Science and Technology 2003, p. 23.
- ^ Lennox, D.H.; Spinrad, B.I. (1956-03-01). A GENERALIZED REACTOR FACILITY FOR NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY TRAINING AND RESEARCH. Interim Report on "ARGONAUT" (Report). doi:10.2172/4370769. OSTI 4370769.
- ^ Hawley, S. C.; Kathern, R. L.; Robkin, M. A. (1981-04-01). Analysis of Credible Accidents for Argonaut Reactors (Report). doi:10.2172/1080075. OSTI 1080075.
- ^ IAEA. "Research Reactor Database". nucleus.iaea.org. Retrieved 2018-11-18.
- ^ Finlay, R.; Miller, R.; Dimitrovski, L.; Domingo, X.; Landau, P.; Valery, J.; Laloy, V. "Australian research reactors spent fuel management: the path to sustainability" (PDF). Conference Proceedings RRFM2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-09-12. Retrieved 2018-11-25.
- ^ Böck, H.; Musilek, A.; Villa, M. (2004). "Research Reactors In Austria – Present Situation" (PDF). 2004 International RERTR Meeting.
- ^ Mueller, H; Schuerrer, F; Ninaus, W; Oswald, K; Rabitsch, H; Kreiner, H; Neef, R D (1984). Der Siemens-Argonaut-Reaktor als Treiberzone fuer eine Hochtemperaturreaktorzelle [The Siemens-Argonaut reactor as a driver zone for a high-temperature reactor cell] (Report).
- ^ "Brazil, Federative Republic of : Research Reactor Details – ARGONAUTA".
- ^ "Argonauta Reactor". ien.gov.br (in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from the original on 2018-11-26. Retrieved 2018-11-10.
- ^ "Saclay : le vieux réacteur nucléaire vit ses dernières heures". 20 February 2012.
- ^ "Ulysse INB 18 Rapport préliminaire de sûreté des opérations de démantèlement – PDF". docplayer.fr.
- ^ "Réacteur universitaire de Strasbourg". 7 August 2018 – via Wikipedia.
- ^ a b c d Bredberg, Ines; Hutter, Johann; Kühn, Kerstin; Niedzwiedz, Katarzyna; Philippczyk, Frank; Dose, Julia (2013). State and Development of Nuclear Power Utilization in the Federal Republic of Germany 2013 (PDF) (Report).
- ^ Kampf, T.; Liewers, P. (1 July 1963). "The Rossendorf Ring Zone Reactor (RRR) -An Instrument For Reactor Physics Research". Kernenergie (East Germany). 6. OSTI 4637084.
- ^ "Montecuccolino". masternucleare.ing.unibo.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 2011-02-13. Retrieved 2018-11-11.
- ^ "Japan: Research Reactor Details – UTR KINKI".
- ^ Wakabayashi, G.; Itoh, T.; Hashimoto, K.; Ito, S.; Yamanishi, H.; Sugiyama, W.; Horiguchi, T.; Hohara, S. (2012). "History and Present Situation of Kinki University Reactor (UTR-KINKI)" (PDF). 34th International Meeting on Reduced Enrichment for Research and Test Reactors.
- ^ Shibata, Toshikazu (1992). Some Unique Activities of the Smallest Reactor: UTR・KINKI (PDF) (Report).
- ^ "Netherlands, Kingdom of the: Research Reactor Details – LFR".
- ^ MilieueffectrapportDecommissioning LFR ende LFR-hal (PDF) (Report) (in Dutch). 2013.
- ^ NRG (2018-10-17), Ontmanteling Lage Flux Reactor in Petten, archived from the original on 2021-12-21, retrieved 2018-11-12
- ^ Bogaardt, M.; Brouwers, A.; van Hulst, G (1967). "De ATHENE-reactor voor de Technische Hogeschool Eindhoven" (PDF). Atoomenergie en Haar Toepassingen. 9 (6): 140–147.
- ^ Bogaardt, M.; Brouwers, A. (1967). Athene-Veiligheidsrapport (PDF) (Report). Technische Hogeschool Eindhoven.
- ^ Dodd, D.H.; Grupa, J.B.; Houkema, M.; de Haas, J.B.M.; Van der Kaa, Th.; Veltkam, A.C. (2000). "Direct Disposal of Spent Fuel from Test and Research Reactors in the Netherlands" (PDF). COVRA Report. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-11-26. Retrieved 2018-11-25.
- ^ "Spain dismantels [sic] research reactor". Wise International. 11 September 1992. Retrieved 2018-11-05.
- ^ Salom, Barca; Xavier, Francesc (2000). "La política nuclear espanyola: el cas del reactor nuclear Argos". Quaderns d'Història de l'Enginyeria. ISSN 1135-934X.
- ^ Ortega, X.; Tapia, C.; Duch, M. Amor (2002). "Decommissioning of an argonaut type reactor at the Technical University of Catalonia in Barcelona (Spain)". Towards Harmonisation of Radiation Protection in Europe: European IRPA Congress 2002.
- ^ Salom, Francesc X. Barca (2005). "Nuclear Power for Catalonia: The Role of the Official Chamber of Industry of Barcelona, 1953 – 1962". Minerva. 43 (2): 163–181. doi:10.1007/s11024-005-2330-9. ISSN 0026-4695. S2CID 144051803.
- ^ "Decommissioning of the Argonaut Experimental Reactor ARBI". Decommissioning of Small Medical, Industrial and Research Facilities: A Simplified Stepwise Approach. 2011.
- ^ Shen, Li; Chang, Shin (1994-12-31). "The decommissioning of Tsing Hua Argonaut reactor". Transactions of the American Nuclear Society. 70.
- ^ Taiwan (R.O.C.) (December 2014). "National Report as referred to by the Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management" (PDF). IAEA.
- ^ Hill, Charles N (31 July 2013). "NESTOR". Atomic Empire, An: A Technical History Of The Rise And Fall Of The British Atomic Energy Programme. World Scientific. p. 214. ISBN 978-1-908977-44-1.
- ^ "Nestor: a New Reactor at Winfrith". Nature. 189 (4769): 969. 1961. Bibcode:1961Natur.189Q.969.. doi:10.1038/189969a0. ISSN 0028-0836. S2CID 4175850.
- ^ Decommissioning of research reactors : evolution, state of the art, open issues. Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency. 2006. ISBN 978-9201126054. OCLC 71317149.
- ^ Lockwood, Rick; Beeley, Philip (1999). "The removal of the Jason reactor at Greenwich". Ingenia. 10: 29–34.
- ^ Bond, Martin (5 November 2013). Nuclear Juggernaut: The transport of radioactive materials. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-05182-3 – via Google Books.
- ^ WILSON, HENRY W. (1965). "The Scottish Research Reactor Centre". Nature. 205 (4966): 10–14. Bibcode:1965Natur.205...10W. doi:10.1038/205010b0. ISSN 0028-0836. S2CID 107508622.
- ^ Scott, R. D.; Banford, H. M.; East, B. W. (1997). "Defuelling of the UTR-300 research reactor". Ens RRFM '97.
- ^ "Information released regarding to the decommissioning report for the nuclear research reactor at Queen Mary College in London". 2007-07-04. Archived from the original on 2010-11-10. Retrieved 21 May 2010.
- ^ "HSE document – Final report on decommissioning and delicensing of Queen Mary College Research Reactor dated 7 March 1984" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 November 2010. Retrieved 21 May 2010.
- ^ "Nuclear physics at the University of Manchester". Archived from the original on 2008-03-05. Retrieved 2008-03-04.
- ^ Razey, M. (1964). "The Universities Research Reactor". Electronics and Power. 10 (10): 372. doi:10.1049/ep.1964.0359. ISSN 0013-5127.
- ^ "United States of America: Research Reactor Details – UFTR UNIV. FLORIDA".
- ^ Nuclear Reactors Built, Being Built, or Planned in the United States as of December 31, 1970 (Report). 1971-10-31. doi:10.2172/4023739. OSTI 4023739. S2CID 107962217.
- ^ Nuclear Reactors Built, Being Built, or Planned in the United States as of December 31, 1966 (Report). 1967-10-31. doi:10.2172/4453953. OSTI 4453953.
- ^ Folkrod, J.R.; Ember, G.; Kolb, W.; Saluja, J.; Moon, D.P. (1962-09-01). Design Summary Report on the Juggernaut Reactor (PDF) (Report). doi:10.2172/4715693. OSTI 4715693.
- ^ Moon, D.P. (1962-07-01). Physics Analysis of the Juggernaut Reactor (PDF) (Report). doi:10.2172/4782203. OSTI 4782203.
- ^ Sears, Frederick (May 1964). A TEMPERATURE STUDY OF THE V.P.I. TRAINING AND RESEARCH REACTOR (UTR-10) (Report). hdl:10919/77709. Retrieved September 18, 2020.
- ^ "Nuclear Reactors in Virginia Other Than Dominion Power's Sites at Surry/North Anna". www.virginiaplaces.org.
- ^ "Decommissioning UTR-10 – Nuclear Engineering International". www.neimagazine.com. Retrieved 2018-11-05.
- ^ "Small UCLA reactor used by students shut down in 1984 because of potential safety hazards, declining use". dailybruin.com.
References
- Argonne National Laboratory (2016). "Training Reactors designed by Argonne National Laboratory: ARGONAUT". Retrieved May 2, 2012.
- Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy, Science and Technology (2003). "Nuclear Reactors Built, Being Built, or Planned: 2003" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on October 16, 2004. Retrieved October 6, 2005.
Further reading
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