Aythya
Aythya | |
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Greater scaup (Aythya marila), the type species of Aythya | |
Scientific classification ![]() | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Aves |
Order: | Anseriformes |
Family: | Anatidae |
Tribe: | Aythyini |
Genus: | Aythya F. Boie, 1822 |
Type species | |
Anas marila[1] Linnaeus, 1761 | |
Species | |
12 species, see text |
Aythya is a genus of diving ducks, with twelve species currently accepted.[2] The name Aythya comes from the Ancient Greek word αυθυια (authuia), which may have referred to a sea-dwelling duck.[3]
Aythya shihuibas was described from the Late Miocene of China. Zelenkov (2016) transferred the species Anas denesi Kessler (2013), known from the late Miocene of Hungary, to the genus Aythya.[4] An undescribed prehistoric species is known only from Early Pleistocene fossil remains found at Dursunlu, Turkey;[5] it might however be referrable to a paleosubspecies of an extant species considering its age (see also Greater scaup).
The Miocene[verification needed] "Aythya" arvernensis is now placed in Mionetta, while "Aythya" chauvirae seems to contain the remains of two species, at least one of which does not seem to be a diving duck.[6]
The genus Aythya was introduced in 1822 by the German zoologist Friedrich Boie. The type species is the greater scaup.[7][8]
Aythya species
The genus contains 12 species; all are monotypic except for A. marila, which has two subspecies, in the Old and New Worlds respectively.[2]
Male | Female | Scientific name | Common name | Distribution | Conservation status |
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![]() | ![]() | A. valisineria | Canvasback | North America | least concern |
![]() | ![]() | A. ferina | Common pochard | Northern Europe into Asia | vulnerable |
![]() | ![]() | A. americana | Redhead | North America, from as far north as Northern Canada to the lower United States | least concern |
A. collaris | Ring-necked duck | Northern United States and Canada | least concern | ||
![]() | ![]() | A. australis | Hardhead | Australia, New Guinea, New Zealand, and the islands of the Pacific | least concern |
![]() | ![]() | A. baeri | Baer's pochard | Southeast Russia and northeast China, migrating in winter to southern China, Vietnam, Japan, and India | critically endangered |
![]() | ![]() | A. nyroca | Ferruginous duck | From Iberia and the Maghreb east to western Mongolia, south to Arabia | near threatened |
![]() | ![]() | A. innotata | Madagascar pochard | Madagascar | critically endangered |
![]() | ![]() | A. novaeseelandiae | New Zealand scaup | New Zealand | least concern |
![]() | ![]() | A. fuligula | Tufted duck | Throughout temperate and northern Eurasia; occasional visitor to the United States and Canada | least concern |
![]() | ![]() | A. marila | Greater scaup | Iceland, northern Europe, northern Asia except far east (A. m. marila); far northeast Asia, Alaska, northern Canada (A. m. nearctica) | least concern |
![]() | A. affinis | Lesser scaup | Alaska through western Canada to western Montana, Central America | least concern |
See also
Gallery
- Canvasback (Aythya valisineria)
- Common pochard (Aythya ferina)
- Redhead (Aythya americana)
- Ring-necked duck (Aythya collaris)
- Female Hardhead (Aythya australis)
- Baer's pochard (Aythya baeri)
- Ferruginous duck (Aythya nyroca)
- Madagascar pochard (Aythya innotata)
- New Zealand scaup (Aythya novaeseelandiae)
- Tufted duck (Aythya fuligula)
- Greater scaup (Aythya marila)
- Lesser scaup (Aythya affinis)
References
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/34px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png)
- ^ "Anatidae". aviansystematics.org. The Trust for Avian Systematics. Retrieved 5 August 2023.
- ^ a b Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (January 2024). "Screamers, ducks, geese & swans". IOC World Bird List Version 14.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 18 August 2024.
- ^ Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 64. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
- ^ Nikita V. Zelenkov (2016). "РЕВИЗИЯ НЕВОРОБЬИНЫХ ПТИЦ ПОЛГАРДИ (ВЕНГРИЯ, ВЕРХНИЙ МИОЦЕН). 1. Anseriformes". Paleontological Journal. 50 (5).
- ^ Louchart, Antoine; Mourer-Chauviré, Cécile; Guleç, Erksin; Howell, Francis Clark & White, Tim D. (1998): L'avifaune de Dursunlu, Turquie, Pléistocène inférieur: climat, environnement et biogéographie. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris IIA 327(5): 341–346. [French with English abridged version] doi:10.1016/S1251-8050(98)80053-0 (HTML abstract)
- ^ Worthy, Trevor; Tennyson, A.J.D.; Jones, C.; McNamara, J.A. & Douglas, B.J. (2007): Miocene waterfowl and other birds from central Otago, New Zealand. J. Syst. Palaeontol. 5(1): 1–39. doi:10.1017/S1477201906001957 (HTML abstract)
- ^ Boie, Friedrich (1822). Tagebuch gehalten auf einer Reise durch Norwegen im Jahre 1817 (in German). Schleswig. pp. 308, 351.
- ^ Mayr, Ernst; Cottrell, G. William, eds. (1979). Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 1 (2nd ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 482.
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