Battle of Kaesong–Munsan
Battle of Kaesong–Munsan–Bongilcheon | |||||||
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Part of the Korean War Operation Pokpung (North Korea) Operation Western Region (South Korea) | |||||||
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- v
- t
- e
- North Korean offensive
(25 June – 15 September 1950)
- Pokpung
- Chuncheon
- 1st Seoul
- Gorangpo
- Kaesong–Munsan
- Ongjin
- Uijeongbu
- Suwon Airfield
- Air Campaign
- Andong
- Chumonchin Chan
- Osan
- Pyongtaek
- Chonan
- Chochiwon
- Taejon
- Sangju
- Yongdong
- Hwanggan
- Hadong
- Notch
- Pusan Perimeter
- United Nations Command counteroffensive
(15 September – 30 October 1950)
- Inchon
- Pusan Perimeter offensive
- 2nd Seoul
- UN September 1950 counteroffensive
- UN offensive into North Korea
- Sariwon
- Pyongyang
- Yongyu
- Kujin
- Chongju
- Sunchon tunnel
- Chinese Intervention
(25 October 1950 – January 1951)
- Onjong
- Unsan
- Pakchon
- Second Phase Offensive
- Ch'ongch'on River
- Wawon
- Chosin Reservoir
- Task Force Faith
- UN retreat from North Korea
- 3rd Seoul
- Uijeongbu
- 1st and 2nd Wonju
- Pohang
- Fighting around the 38th parallel
(January – June 1951)
- Happy Valley
- Thunderbolt
- Twin Tunnels
- Roundup
- Hoengsong
- Chipyong-ni
- 3rd Wonju
- Chuam-ni
- Wonsan
- Killer
- 4th Seoul (Operation Ripper)
- Maehwa-san
- Courageous
- Tomahawk
- Rugged
- Dauntless
- Spring offensive
- UN May–June 1951 counteroffensive
- Stalemate
(July 1951 – 27 July 1953)
- Bloody Ridge
- Minden
- Punchbowl
- Heartbreak Ridge
- Commando
- Haktang-ni
- Polecharge
- 2nd Maryang-san
- Rat Killer
- Hill Eerie
- Old Baldy
- Blaze
- Bunker Hill
- Outpost Kelly
- White Horse Hill
- Arrowhead Hill
- Triangle Hill
- Jackson Heights
- Noris
- 1st Hook
- 2nd Hook
- Chatkol
- Outpost Vegas
- Pork Chop Hill
- Little Switch
- Nevada Complex
- 3rd Hook
- Outpost Harry
- Kumsong
- Berlin Outposts and Boulder City
- Samichon River
- Korean Armistice Agreement
- Big Switch
- Panmunjom Declaration
- Air operations
(1950 – 1953)
- Air Campaign
- MiG Alley
- Sunchon
- Strangle
- Sui-ho Dam
- Bombing of North Korea 1950–1953
- Naval operations
(1950 – 1953)
- Naval engagements of the Korean War
Korean War (template)
The Battle of Kaesong–Munsan–Bongilcheon (Hangul: 개성–문산–봉일천 전투; Hanja: 開城–汶山–奉日川 戰鬪) was a series of battles that occurred along the western region of the 38th parallel between 25 and 28 June 1950, and it was a part of the Operation Pokpoong (North Korea) and Operation Western Region (South Korea) that marked the beginning of the Korean War. On 25 June, the 1st Infantry and the 6th Infantry Division, supported by the 203rd Armored Regiment and the 3rd 38-Guard Brigade, of the Korean People's Army Ground Force (KPAGF) I Corps launched a surprise supporting attack on the Republic of Korea Army (ROKA) 1st Infantry Division to surround Seoul from the west while the KPA I Corps main attack concurred in the west central region of the 38th parallel defended by the ROK 7th Infantry Division.[1][2]
Prelude
North Korea
Korean People's Army Ground Force[1]
- 1st Infantry Division - Brigadier General Choe Kwang
- 2nd Infantry Regiment - Colonel Kim Yang-chun
- 3rd Infantry Regiment - Colonel Lee Chang-kwon
- 14th Infantry Regiment - Colonel Hwang Sok
- Divisional Artillery Regiment - Colonel Hyon Hak-pong
- 6th Infantry Division - Brigadier General Pang Ho-san
- 1st Infantry Regiment - Colonel Kim Hu-chin
- 13th Infantry Regiment - Colonel Han Il-rae
- 15th Infantry Regiment - Colonel Cho Kwan
- Divisional Artillery Regiment - Lieutenant Colonel Lee Min
South Korea
Due to the reorganisation of the Republic of Korea Army, the quality of training of the ROK 1st Infantry Division was lower than that of other divisions. The 11th Infantry Regiment and the 12th Infantry Regiment just began battalion-sized training; only 2 battalions from the 13th Infantry Regiment were at the last phase of the training, and 1 battalion was sent away for the field training.[3]
In addition, 57% of the soldiers were given leave on June 24. Under the circumstances, the 12th Infantry Regiment had to defend 80 km frontline with only 800 troops. Moreover, heavy firearms and vehicles were sent to the rear for reorganization, and the division commander Paik Sun-yup was absent at the scene for training since June 14.[3]
Republic of Korea Army[1]
- 1st Infantry Division - Colonel Paik Sun-yup
- 11th Infantry Regiment - Colonel Choe Kyung-rok
- 12th Infantry Regiment - Lieutenant Colonel Kim Jeom-gon
- 13th Infantry Regiment - Colonel Kim Ik-ryeol
References
- ^ a b c Yang, Yeong-jo; Nam, Jeong-ok; Son, Gyu-seok; Bak, Dong-chan (2005-12-12). "6.25 전쟁사 2 (The History of the Korean War Book 2)" (PDF). Institute for Military History, MND (in Korean). Institute for Military History, Ministry of National Defense, Republic of Korea. ISSN 1739-2705.
- ^ Korea Institute of Military History (1 January 2000). The Korean War. U of Nebraska Press. p. 170. ISBN 978-0-8032-7794-6. Retrieved 25 August 2011.
- ^ a b "개성-문산지구 전투". Korean History Information Center. Archived from the original on 2011-10-01.