Battle of Salé
![Salé is located in Morocco](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Morocco_location_map.svg/300px-Morocco_location_map.svg.png)
![Salé](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png)
Date | 10 — 23 September 1260 (2 — 15 Shawwal 658 AH)[2][3] |
---|---|
Location | Salé, Morocco |
Result | Marinid victory |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Marinid_and_Saadi_Dynasty_%281258-1420%29_%281554-1659%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Marinid_and_Saadi_Dynasty_%281258-1420%29_%281554-1659%29.svg.png)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Estandarte_de_la_Corona_de_Castilla.png/20px-Estandarte_de_la_Corona_de_Castilla.png)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Marinid_and_Saadi_Dynasty_%281258-1420%29_%281554-1659%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Marinid_and_Saadi_Dynasty_%281258-1420%29_%281554-1659%29.svg.png)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Estandarte_de_la_Corona_de_Castilla.png/20px-Estandarte_de_la_Corona_de_Castilla.png)
Unknown number of soldiers
- Several killed[4]
- 3,000 captured and taken as slaves in Seville[4]
- Several parts of the city burned
- v
- t
- e
- 8th century
- Covadonga
- 1st Roncevaux Pass
- Burbia River
- Orbieu River
- Lutos
- Las Babias
- Río Quirós
- Oviedo
- 1st Lisbon
- 9th century
- 1st Barcelona
- 1st Tortosa
- Pancorbo
- 2nd Roncevaux Pass
- Clavijo
- Albelda
- Guadalacete
- Monte Laturce
- Morcuera
- Polvoraria
- 1st Cellorigo
- 2nd Cellorigo
- 2nd Barcelona
- 10th century
- Day of Zamora
- Pallars and Ribagorza
- 1st San Esteban de Gormaz
- 2nd San Esteban de Gormaz
- Valdejunquera
- 1st Toledo
- Alhandic
- Simancas
- Estercuel
- Torrevicente
- Rueda
- 3rd Barcelona
- 11th century
- Cervera
- Calatañazor
- Torà
- Albesa
- Aqbat al-Bakr
- Graus
- Coimbra
- Barbastro
- Paterna
- Llantada
- Golpejera
- Cabra
- Piedra Pisada
- Morella
- 2nd Toledo
- 1st Zaragoza
- Sagrajas
- Tudela
- Tévar
- 3rd Toledo
- 1st Valencia
- 2nd Lisbon
- Alcoraz
- Bairén
- Consuegra
- 4th Toledo
- 5th Toledo
- 12th century
- 2nd Valencia
- Mollerussa
- Uclés
- Norwegian raid
- 3rd Lisbon
- Talavera
- Formentera
- Ibiza
- 1st Balearic Islands
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- Martorell
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- Cutanda
- 1st Granada
- Corbins
- 3rd Valencia
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- Ourique
- Oreja
- Trancoso
- 2nd Coria
- 4th Lisbon
- 1st Montiel
- Albacete
- 1st Almería
- Al-Ludjdj
- 2nd Santarém
- Sacavém
- 5th Lisbon
- Sacavém
- 2nd Tortosa
- 2nd Almería
- 1st Alcácer do Sal
- Palmela
- 2nd Badajoz
- Juromenha
- Central Iberia
- Cuenca
- Calatrava
- 3rd Santarém
- Alvor
- 1st Silves
- Tomar
- 2nd Alcácer do Sal
- 2nd Silves
- Alarcos
- Salamanca
- 13th century
- Al-Dāmūs
- Las Navas de Tolosa
- 3rd Alcácer do Sal
- 1st Jaén
- Peníscola
- Aragonese raid
- Majorca
- 2nd Jaén
- 1st Jerez
- Ares
- Burriana
- Córdoba
- El Puig
- 4th Valencia
- Algarve
- 1st Xàtiva
- 2nd Xàtiva
- Biar
- 3rd Jaén
- 2nd Seville
- Faro
- 2nd Jerez
- Mudéjar revolt
- 3rd Jerez
- 1st Murcia
- Écija
- Martos
- Montesa
- 1st Algeciras
- 2nd Algeciras
- Moclín
- Iznalloz
- 14th century
- 1st Gibraltar
- 3rd Algeciras
- Almería
- 2nd Gibraltar
- Vega de Granada
- Shepherds' Crusade
- Teba
- 3rd Gibraltar
- 4th Gibraltar
- Vega de Pagana
- Getares
- Río Salado
- Estepona
- 4th Algeciras
- 5th Gibraltar
- Linuesa
- Guadix
- 2nd Montiel
- 5th Algeciras
- 2nd Murcia
- 15th century
- Collejares
- Antequera
- 6th Gibraltar
- La Higueruela
- 7th Gibraltar
- Los Alporchones
- 8th Gibraltar
- 9th Gibraltar
- 2nd Granada campaign
- Lucena
- Málaga
- Post-Reconquista Rebellions
- 1st Alpujarras
- 2nd Alpujarras
- North Africa
- Salé
- Strait
- 1st Ceuta
- 2nd Ceuta
- 3nd Ceuta
- Tétouan
- 4nd Ceuta
- 1st Tangier
- Asilah
- Melilla
- 2nd Tangier
The Battle of Salé was a raid of the Moroccan city of Salé by King Alfonso X of Castile in 1260, when the city was governed by the Marinid dynasty. The city remained under Castilian occupation for two weeks, during which they captured 3,000 residents and took them as slaves. However, the Marinid dynasty regained control of the city after Sultan Yacoub ben Abdelhaq ordered his troops to march to the city gates.
Background
According to historian Ibn Khaldun, when the Marinid dynasty took control over Salé from the Almohad Caliphate, Yacoub ben Abdellah Marinid rebelled against his uncle Abu Yusuf Yaqub ibn Abd Al-Haqq, and sought the assistance of King Alfonso X.[4][5] Ruy López de Mendoza, Admiral of Castile formed an armada to assist the Castilian crusades on the North African coast. Salé was an important strategic and commercial centre, and also the gateway to Azghar, the region of northern Morocco.[1]
Battle
The day before Eid al-Fitr in year 658 of the Hijra (September 1260),[2] thirty-seven warships were sent to Salé by King Alfonso X.[4] On 2 Shawwal, Castilian warriors landed in Salé and took the opportunity to perform the largest massacre in the history of the city. Citizens of Salé were busy celebrating Eid al-Fitr, and the Castilians killed many of them. The warriors plundered properties and destroyed everything in their path. Women, children, and the elderly were rounded up into the Great Mosque of Salé, where 3,000 of them were taken as slaves to Seville.[4]
For two weeks, Salé remained under the occupation of the Castilians,[1] before Sultan Yacoub ben Abdelhaq rushed to the aid of the city, and quickly ordered his troops to march to the gates of the city.[4] He ordered that all Castilian soldiers were to be killed, but some were able to escape the attack after ransacking houses, and looting and burning shops. Following the liberation of the city, the Sultan ordered the construction of the Borj Adoumoue and a wall opposite the Bou Regreg.[4]
After the failure of the battle, Ruy López de Mendoza fled to Portugal in fear of King Alfonso X.[6]
Notes
- ^[a] No ships were recorded to have been lost by the Castilians.
References
- ^ a b c Dufourcq, Charles-Emmanuel (1966). Un projet castillan du XIIIe siècle : la croisade d'Afrique (in French). Faculty of Arts. p. 28. OCLC 491894706.
- ^ a b Bertrand, Georges A.; Henni, Abdelhakim; Martiniani-Reber, Marielle (2009). Traces: mémoires musulmanes en coeur de France (in French). Neuchâtel. ISBN 9782970068204. OCLC 607484818.
- ^ "L'histoire du Maroc4 - Les Almohades(1128 - 1266 / 1269)" (in French). Cosmovisions. 2005. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Mrini, Driss; Alaoui, Ismaïl (1997). Salé: Cité Millénaire (in French). Editions Eclat, Rabat. pp. 45–46. ISBN 9981-9995-0-4.
- ^ "Arsenal de Salé" (in French). Qantara. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
- ^ Ali Ibn Abi Zar'a (1973). Al-anis al-moutrib baroud al-qartass fi akhbar moulouk al-maghrib wa tarikh madinat fas. Dar al-Mansour, Rabat. pp. 313–349.