Chittumala Chira
Chittumala Chira (ചിറ്റുമല ചിറ), or Chittumala Lake, is a freshwater wetland located in the Chittumala block of Kollam district. The residents of Perayam, Pavithreswaram, and East Kallada rely on the lake for their drinking water needs. Chittumala Lake spans approximately 55 hectares. Until 1988, the practice of Punchakrishi (a traditional farming method) was widely carried out in the area known as Chira.[1] The water bodies seen adjacent to this are Sasthamkotta Lake, Cherupola Lake, and some other freshwater lake.
History
During the early Holocene epoch, as the Earth experienced a warming trend, significant rainfall led to the flooding of existing river valleys. This flooding, which occurred approximately 8,500 to 5,500 years ago, submerged extensive riparian forests with sediments from nearby lateritic hills. Consequently, the vast Pleistocene forests were transformed into swamps, marshes, and lakes. Around 4,000 years ago, as sea levels receded, sediments began to accumulate at the heads of river mouths, leading to the formation of the Kerala Bay Head Delta. This delta extended seawards, gradually filling half of Ashtamudi. The combined effects of river meandering, migration, and rapid sedimentation, as evidenced by borehole sedimentary records, resulted in the transformation of several broad, scoured valleys into freshwater bodies, such as Sasthamkotta Lake, Cherupola Lake, and Chittumala Lake.[2]
Water scarcity
A few years ago, the commencement of water extraction for industrial purposes in Kundara led to the depletion of the aquifer. In response, the Kollam Sub-Divisional Magistrate's Court imposed a ban on water extraction for ceramics during April and May. This ban remains in effect to this day.[3]
References
- v
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- e
- Mar Sapir Iso
- Chera dynasty
- Kollam Port
- Nelcynda
- Kollam Era (Malayalam calendar)
- Quilon Syrian (Tharisapalli) plates
- Venad
- Rama Rajasekhara
- Rama Varma of Venad
- Paravur
- Kundara
- Cantonment Maidan
- Tangasseri
- Dutch Malabar
- 4th Portuguese India Armada (Gama, 1502)
- Portuguese Cemetery
- Buckingham Canal
- St Thomas Fort
- Kollam Cantonment
- Battle of Quilon
- Roman Catholic Diocese of Quilon
- Kollam Airport
- Quilon formation
- Ashtamudi Lake
- Kollam Parappu
- Asramam Maidan
- Estuaries of Paravur
- Islands of Kollam
- Ithikkara River
- Kallada River
- Kattaka Kayal
- Kollam Beach
- Mundakkal Beach
- Vattakkayal
- Paravur Lake
- Pozhikara
- Kattaka Kayal
- Polachira
- Sasthamcotta Lake
- Thirumullavaram Beach
- Thekkumbhagam-Kappil Beach
- Chittumala Chira
- Ashramam Biodiversity Heritage Site
- Central Zone
- Sakthikulangara
- Kilikollur
- Vadakkevila
- Eravipuram
- Thrikkadavoor
& authorities
- Kollam Municipal Corporation
- Kollam Development Authority
- Kollam City Police
- Kollam Taluk
- Kollam Lok Sabha constituency
- Kollam Assembly constituency
- Chavara Assembly constituency
- Eravipuram Assembly constituency
- Cashew Export Promotion Council of India (CEPCI)
- Indian Rare Earths Limited (IREL)
- Cashew business in Kollam
- The Kerala Ceramics Limited
- Kerala Minerals and Metals Ltd.(KMML)
- Kerala State Cashew Development Corporation Limited
- List of cashew companies based in Kollam
- Parvathy Mills Limited
- Techno-lodge
- Kollam Technopark
- Kollam Port
- Fisheries Industry in Kollam
- Neendakara Port
- List of Seafood Companies in Kollam
- United Electrical Industries Limited(UNILEC)
attractions
- 8 Point Art Cafe
- Asramam Adventure Park & Picnic Village
- British Residency
- Sambranikodi Island
- Thangassery Breakwater Tourism Park
- Asramam Children's Park
- Chinnakada Clock Tower
- Dutch Church, Munroe Island
- Estuaries of Paravur
- Islands of Kollam
- Kollam Beach
- Mahatma Gandhi Park
- Mundakkal Beach
- Portuguese Cemetery
- Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Police Museum
- St Thomas Fort
- Tangasseri Lighthouse
- Paravur Thekkumbhagam
- Thirumullavaram Beach
- Thanni Beach
- Mundakkal Papanasam Beach
Medical college hospitals |
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- Government District Hospital
- Government Victoria Hospital
- Meditrina Hospital
- N. S. Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences
- ESIC Model & Super Speciality Hospital
- Upasana Hospital
- Shankar's Institute of Medical Science
- Dr. Nairs Hospital
- Kerala Institute of Medical Sciences
- Holy Cross Super Speciality Hospital
& structures
- Ammachiveedu Devi Temple
- Anandavalleeshwaram Sri Mahadevar Temple
- Asramam Sree Krishna Swamy Temple
- Kolloorvila Juma Mosque
- Infant Jesus Cathedral
- Paravur Puttingal Devi Temple
- Sasthamcotta Sree Dharma Sastha Temple
- St Andrew's Church, Kovilthottam
- St Antony's Church, Kanjiracode
- Valiya Koonambaikulam Temple
Education | |
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Universities | |
Premier institutions | |
Engineering colleges | |
Arts, science & law colleges | |
Schools | |
Other institutes |
South Kollam | |
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North Kollam | |
Central Kollam | |
East Kollam | |
West Kollam |
Road |
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Railway |
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Air |
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Water |
Category
WikiProject
9°00′32″N 76°40′12″E / 9.009°N 76.670°E / 9.009; 76.670