Descendants of Henry II of France and Catherine de' Medici
Henry II of France and Catherine de' Medici were married on October 28, 1533, and their marriage produced ten children. Henry and Catherine became the ancestors of monarchs of several countries.
Background, pedigree and family ties Both Henry and Catherine were from illustrious families and had notable people in their respective family trees.
Henry II of France
Henry II of France Henry's father was Francis I of France , the patron of Leonardo da Vinci and a member of the Valois-Angoulême branch of the House of Valois. His maternal grandfather was Louis XII of France , the conqueror of the Neapolitan Kingdom of Naples and the Duchy of Milan. Both Kings of France were descendants (in the male line) of Charles V, King of France , and as such represented, as the only extant line of the House of Valois, the descent of Charles, Count of Valois, fourth son of King Philip III of France , from the House of Capet.
Henry's maternal grandmother was Anne of Brittany, the defiant Duchess Regent of Brittany and Queen of France twice over. Her grandmother was Eleanor of Navarre, the daughter of John II of Aragon and half-sister of Ferdinand II of Aragon . Therefore, this made Henry a distant half-cousin of his son-in-law Philip II of Spain . This also made him a second cousin once-removed of his other son-in-law, Henry IV of France , who was also a distant cousin through their common male-line ancestor, St. Louis of France .
Catherine de' Medici
Catherine de' Medici Catherine's father and grandfather were Lorenzo II de' Medici, Duke of Urbino and Piero the Unfortunate , respectively. The latter was a son of Lorenzo il Magnifico , the great Renaissance ruler of Florence . This made Catherine a scion of the illustrious House of Medici . Also her guardian till her marriage was Pope Clement VII , formerly Giulio De'Medici, illegitimate son of Giuliano De'Medici, brother of Lorenzo il Magnifico. Therefore, from her father's side, Catherine had high Italian ancestry.
Her mother was from the House of La Tour d'Auvergne , her father being the last Count of Boulogne from the aforementioned House. Her maternal grandmother Jeanne de Bourbon-Vendôme was a direct patrilineal descendant of Louis, the first duke of Bourbon . This made Catherine a direct descendant of Louis IX of France , and of the House of Capet , albeit through a female line. Also this made her a 7th cousin, once removed of her husband Henry and a 6th cousin, 3 times removed of Henri of Navarre , her son-in-law.
Ultimately both Henry and Medici, through Louis IX and the House of Capet, descended from Hugues Capet , the King of the Franks .
Children During their marriage, the royal couple faced health problems with their children: their fourth child, Louis, died when he was a baby and Catherine almost died giving birth to her youngest children who were the twins, Jeanne and Victoire. After their birth, the doctors told Henry and Catherine that their marriage should not produce more children.
The following table lists all the children of Henry and Catherine.
Name Portrait Birth Death Marriages and Issue/Notes Francis II, King of France January 19, 1544 December 5, 1560 Married Mary, Queen of Scots (1542–1587) on 24 April 1558. They have no children. Elizabeth of France April 2, 1545 October 3, 1568 Married Philip II, King of Spain (1527–1598) on 22 June 1559. They had six children but only two daughters survived. Claude of France November 12, 1547 February 21, 1575 Married Charles III, Duke of Lorraine (1543–1608) on 19 January 1559. They had nine children. Louis, Duke of Orléans February 3, 1549 October 24, 1550 Died young; no issue. Charles IX, King of France June 27, 1550 May 30, 1574 Married Elizabeth of Austria (1554–1592) on 26 November 1570. Had one legitimate daughter (the only Valois grandchild of his parents) who died young . Henry III, King of France September 19, 1551 August 2, 1589 Married Louise of Lorraine on 15 February 1575. Had no issue. Briefly King of Poland in 1574. Margaret of France May 14, 1553 March 27, 1615 Known as "Queen Margot". Married Henry IV, King of France on 18 August 1572 and divorced on 17 December 1599. No issue. Hercules, Duke of Anjou March 18, 1555 June 19, 1584 Later known as Francis, Duke of Alençon and Anjou. No issue. Victoire of France June 24, 1556 August 17, 1556 Died young. Jeanne of France June 24, 1556 June 24, 1556 Stillborn
Descendants of Elizabeth of Valois
Progeny of Isabella Clara Eugenia of Spain
Progeny of Catherine Michaela of Spain Name of Descendant Portrait Birth Marriages and Issue Death Miscellaneous Catherine Michaela of Spain October 10, 1567, Elisabeth of Valois and Philip II of Spain Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy 10 children November 6, 1597 Isabella of Savoy 11 March 1591, Daughter of Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy and Catherine Michaela of Spain Alfonso III d'Este 14 children 28 August 1626 Francesco I d'Este September 6, 1610, Son of Alfonso III d'Este and Isabella of Savoy October 14, 1658 Victor Amadeus I, Duke of Savoy 8 May 1587, Son of Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy and Catherine Michaela of Spain Christine Marie of France 8 children 7 October 1637 Charles Emmanuel II, Duke of Savoy 20 June 1634, Son of Victor Amadeus I, Duke of Savoy and Christine Marie of France Françoise Madeleine d'Orléans Marie Jeanne of Savoy 1 child 12 June 1675 Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia 14 May 1666, Son of Charles Emmanuel II, Duke of Savoy and Marie Jeanne of Savoy Anne Marie d'Orléans Anna Teresa Canalis di Cumiana 5 children 31 October 1732 Princess Henriette Adelaide of Savoy 6 November 1636, Daughter of Victor Amadeus I, Duke of Savoy and Christine Marie of France Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria 4 children 18 March 1676 Duchess Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria 28 November 1660, Daughter of Princess Henriette Adelaide of Savoy and Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria Louis, Dauphin of France 3 children 20 April 1690 Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria July 11, 1662, Son of Princess Henriette Adelaide of Savoy and Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria Maria Antonia of Austria Theresa Kunegunda Sobieska 5 children February 26, 1726 Margaret of Savoy, Vicereine of Portugal 28 April 1589, Daughter of Catherine Michaela of Spain and Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy Francesco IV Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua 1 child 26 June 1655 Maria Gonzaga, Duchess of Montferrat 29 July 1609, Daughter of Margaret of Savoy, Vicereine of Portugal and Francesco IV Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua Charles II Gonzaga 2 children 14 August 1660 Eleanor Gonzaga 18 November 1630, Daughter Maria Gonzaga, Duchess of Montferrat and Charles II Gonzaga Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor 2 children 6 December 1686 Eleonora Maria of Austria 31 May 1653, Daughter of Eleanor Gonzaga and Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor Michael Korybut Charles V, Duke of Lorraine 2 children 17 Dec 1697 Thomas Francis, Prince of Carignano December 21, 1596, Son of Catherine Michaela of Spain and Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy Marie de Bourbon, Countess of Soissons 3 children January 22, 1656
Descendants of Claude of Valois
Progeny of Henry II, Duke of Lorraine Name Portrait Birth and Parents Marriages and Issue Death Miscellaneous Henry II, Duke of Lorraine November 8, 1563, Claude of Valois and Charles III, Duke of Lorraine Catherine of Navarre, Duchess of Lorraine Margerita Gonzaga 2 children July 31, 1621 Nicolette of Lorraine October 3, 1608, Daughter of Henry II, Duke of Lorraine and Margerita Gonzaga Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine No Issue February 2, 1657 Claude of Lorraine 6 October 1612, Daughter of Henry II, Duke of Lorraine and Margerita Gonzaga Nicholas II, Duke of Lorraine 1 child 2 August 1648
Progeny of Christine of Lorraine Name of Descendant Portrait Birth Marriages and Issue Death Miscellaneous Christina of Lorraine 16 August 1565, Daughter of Claude of Valois and Charles III, Duke of Lorraine Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany 5 children 19 December 1637 Cosimo II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany 12 May 1590, Son of Ferdinando I de' Medici and Christina of Lorraine Maria Maddalena of Austria 8 children 28 February 1621 Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany 14 July 1610, Son of Cosimo II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Maria Maddalena of Austria Vittoria della Rovere 2 children 23 May 1670 Margherita de' Medici May 31, 1612, Daughter of Cosimo II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Maria Maddalena of Austria Odoardo Farnese, Duke of Parma 5 children February 6, 1679 Ranuccio II Farnese, Duke of Parma 17 September 1630, Son of Odoardo Farnese, Duke of Parma , and Margherita de' Medici Marguerite Yolande of Savoy Isabella d'Este Maria d'Este 3 children 11 December 1694 Elisabeth of Parma 22 October 1692, Daughter of Odoardo II Farnese and Dorothea Sophie of the Palatinate-Neuburg Granddaughter of Ranuccio II Farnese, Duke of Parma Philip V of Spain 7 children 11 July 1766 Anna de'Medici 21 July 1616, Daughter of Cosimo II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Maria Maddalena of Austria Ferdinand Charles, Archduke of Further Austria 1 child 11 September 1676 Claudia Felicitas of Austria 30 May 1653, daughter of Archduke Ferdinand Charles of Austria and Anna de'Medici Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor 2 children 8 April 1676 Claudia de' Medici June 4, 1604, Daughter of Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Christina of Lorraine Federico della RovereLeopold V, Archduke of Austria 5 children December 25, 1648 Vittoria della Rovere 7 February 1622, Daughter of Claudia de' Medici and Federico della Rovere Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany 2 children 5 March 1694 Ferdinand Charles, Archduke of Further Austria May 17, 1628, Son of Claudia de' Medici and Leopold V, Archduke of Austria Anna de'Medici 1 child December 30, 1662 Archduchess Isabella Clara of Austria c. 1629, Daughter of Claudia de' Medici and Leopold V, Archduke of Austria Charles III, Duke of Mantua 1 child c. 1685 Ferdinand Charles, Duke of Mantua and Montferrat August 31, 1652, Son of Archduchess Isabella Clara of Austria and Charles III, Duke of Mantua Anna Isabella Gonzaga Susanne de Lorraine No Issue July 5, 1708 Sigismund Francis, Archduke of Further Austria 27 November 1630, Son of Claudia de' Medici and Leopold V, Archduke of Austria Never married No Issue 25 June 1665 Maria Leopoldine of Austria 6 April 1632, Daughter of Claudia de' Medici and Leopold V, Archduke of Austria Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor 1 child 7 August 1649
Progeny of Francis II, Duke of Lorraine Name of Descendant Portrait Birth and Parents Marriages and Issue Death Miscellaneous Francis II, Duke of Lorraine February 27, 1572, Claude of Valois and Charles III, Duke of Lorraine Christina of Salm 3 children October 14, 1632 Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine April 5, 1604, Son of Claude of Valois and Charles III, Duke of Lorraine Nicolette of Lorraine Béatrice de Cusance 3 children September 18, 1675 Anne of Lorraine c. 1639, Daughter of Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine and Béatrice de Cusance François Marie, Prince of Lillebonne 3 children c. 1720 Élisabeth Thérèse de Lorraine 5 April 1664, Daughter of Anne de Lorraine and François Marie, Prince of Lillebonne Louis de Melun 2 children 7 March 1748 Anne Julie de Melun c. 1698, Daughter of Élisabeth Thérèse de Lorraine and Louis de Melun Jules, Prince of Soubise 3 children 18 May 1724 Charles, Prince of Soubise 16 July 1715, Son of Anne Julie de Melun and Jules, Prince of Soubise Anne Marie Louise de La Tour d'Auvergne Princess Anna Teresa of Savoy Landgravine Anna Viktoria of Hesse-Rotenburg 2 children 4 July 1787 Charlotte de Rohan 7 October 1737, Daughter of Charles, Prince of Soubise and Anne Marie Louise de La Tour d'Auvergne Louis Joseph, Prince of Condé 2 children 4 March 1760 Louis Henri, Prince of Condé 13 April 1756, Son of Charlotte de Rohan and Louis Joseph, Prince of Condé Bathilde d'Orléans 1 child 30 August 1830 Victoire de Rohan 28 December 1743, Daughter of Charles, Prince of Soubise and Princess Anna Teresa of Savoy Henri Louis, Prince of Guéméné 3children 20 September 1807 Nicholas II, Duke of Lorraine December 12, 1612, Son of Francis II, Duke of Lorraine and Christina Salm Claude of Lorraine 1 child January 25, 1670 Charles V of Lorraine April 3, 1643, Son of Nicholas II, Duke of Lorraine and Claude of Lorraine Eleonora Maria of Austria 2 children April 18, 1690 Leopold, Duke of Lorraine 11 September 1679, Son of Charles V of Lorraine and Eleonora Maria of Austria Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans 5 children 27 March 1729 Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor 8 December 1708, Son of Leopold, Duke of Lorraine and Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans Maria Theresa of Austria 16 children 18 August 1765 Marguerite of Lorraine 22 July 1615, Francis II, Duke of Lorraine and Countess Christine of Salm Gaston, Duke of Orléans 5 children 13 April 1672 (aged 56) Marguerite Louise d'Orléans 28 July 1645, Daughter of Gaston de France, Duke of Orléans and Marguerite of Lorraine Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany 3 children 17 September 1721 (aged 76) Élisabeth Marguerite d'Orléans 26 December 1646, Daughter of Gaston de France, Duke of Orléans and Marguerite of Lorraine Louis Joseph, Duke of Guise 1 child 17 March 1696 (aged 49) Françoise Madeleine d'Orléans 13 October 1648, Daughter of Gaston de France, Duke of Orléans and Marguerite of Lorraine Charles Emmanuel II, Duke of Savoy No Issue 14 January 1664
Descendants of Charles IX
See also