Docosatetraenoic acid
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Preferred IUPAC name (7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-Docosa-7,10,13,16-tetraenoic acid | |
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Properties | |
Chemical formula | C22H36O2 |
Molar mass | 332.5 g/mol |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). ![]() ![]() ![]() Infobox references |
Chemical compound
Docosatetraenoic acid designates any straight chain 22:4 fatty acid. (See Essential fatty acid for nomenclature.)
One isomer is of particular interest:
- all-cis-7,10,13,16-docosatetraenoic acid is an ω-6 fatty acid with the common name adrenic acid (AdA). This is a naturally occurring polyunsaturated fatty acid formed through a 2-carbon chain elongation of arachidonic acid. It is one of the most abundant fatty acids in the early human brain.[1] This unsaturated fatty acid is also metabolized by cells to biologically active products viz., dihomoprostaglandins,[2] and epoxydocosatrienoic acids (EDTs, also known as dihomo-EETs).[3] [4] [5] In addition to being endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factors, EDTs have demonstrated anti-endoplasmic reticulum stress and anti-nociceptive activities. They are hydrolyzed by the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) to dihydroxydocosatrienoic acids (DHDTs) and hence might play a role in the efficacy of sEH inhibitors.
See also
References
- ^ Martinez M (1992). "Tissue levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids during early human development". J Pediatr. 120 (4 Pt 2): S129–38. doi:10.1016/S0022-3476(05)81247-8. PMID 1532827.
- ^ Campbell WB, Falck JR, Okita JR, Johnson AR, Callahan KS (1985). "Synthesis of dihomoprostaglandins from adrenic acid (7,10,13,16-docosatetraenoic acid) by human endothelial cells". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 837 (1): 67–76. doi:10.1016/0005-2760(85)90086-4. PMID 3931686.
- ^ Kopf PG, Zhang DX, Gauthier KM, Nithipatikom K, Yi XY, Falck JR, Campbell WB (2010). "Adrenic acid metabolites as endogenous endothelium-derived and zona glomerulosa-derived hyperpolarizing factors". Hypertension. 55 (2): 547–54. doi:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.144147. PMC 2819927. PMID 20038752.
- ^ Yi XY, Gauthier KM, Cui L, Nithipatikom K, Falck JR, Campbell WB (May 2007). "Metabolism of adrenic acid to vasodilatory 1alpha,1beta-dihomo-epoxyeicosatrienoic acids by bovine coronary arteries". Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 292 (5): H2265–74. doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00947.2006. PMID 17209008.
- ^ Singh N, Barnych B, Wagner KM, Wan D, Morisseau C, Hammock BD (March 2021). "Adrenic Acid-Derived Epoxy Fatty Acids Are Naturally Occurring Lipids and Their Methyl Ester Prodrug Reduces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Inflammatory Pain". ACS Omega. 6 (10): 7165–7174. doi:10.1021/acsomega.1c00241. PMC 7970556. PMID 33748630.
Further reading
- Ferretti, A., Flanagan, V.P. Mass spectrometric evidence for the conversion of exogenous adrenate to dihomo-prostaglandins by seminal vesicle cyclo-oxygenase. A comparative study of two animal species. J Chromatogr 383 241-250 (1986).
- Sprecher, H., VanRollins, M., Sun, F., et al. Dihomo-prostaglandins and -thromboxane. A prostaglandin family from adrenic acid that may be preferentially synthesized in the kidney. J Biol Chem 257 3912-3918 (1982).
- v
- t
- e
- Propionic (C3)
- Butyric (C4)
- Valeric (C5)
- Caproic (C6)
- Enanthic (C7)
- Caprylic (C8)
- Pelargonic (C9)
- Capric (C10)
- Undecylic (C11)
- Lauric (C12)
- Tridecylic (C13)
- Myristic (C14)
- Pentadecylic (C15)
- Palmitic (C16)
- Margaric (C17)
- Stearic (C18)
- Nonadecylic (C19)
- Arachidic (C20)
- Heneicosylic (C21)
- Behenic (C22)
- Tricosylic (C23)
- Lignoceric (C24)
- Pentacosylic (C25)
- Cerotic (C26)
- Carboceric (C27)
- Montanic (C28)
- Nonacosylic (C29)
- Melissic (C30)
- Hentriacontylic (C31)
- Lacceroic (C32)
- Psyllic (C33)
- Geddic (C34)
- Ceroplastic (C35)
- Hexatriacontylic (C36)
- Heptatriacontanoic (C37)
- Octatriacontanoic (C38)
- Nonatriacontanoic (C39)
- Tetracontanoic (C40)
- Octenoic (8:1)
- Decenoic (10:1)
- Decadienoic (10:2)
- Lauroleic (12:1)
- Laurolinoleic (12:2)
- Myristovaccenic (14:1)
- Myristolinoleic (14:2)
- Myristolinolenic (14:3)
- Palmitolinolenic (16:3)
- Palmitidonic (16:4)
- α-Linolenic (18:3)
- Stearidonic (18:4)
- α-Parinaric (18:4)
- Dihomo-α-linolenic (20:3)
- Eicosatetraenoic (20:4)
- Eicosapentaenoic (20:5)
- Clupanodonic (22:5)
- Docosahexaenoic (22:6)
- 9,12,15,18,21-Tetracosapentaenoic (24:5)
- 6,9,12,15,18,21-Tetracosahexaenoic (24:6)
- Myristoleic (14:1)
- Palmitovaccenic (16:1)
- α-Eleostearic (18:3)
- β-Eleostearic (trans-18:3)
- Punicic (18:3)
- 7,10,13-Octadecatrienoic (18:3)
- 9,12,15-Eicosatrienoic (20:3)
- β-Eicosatetraenoic (20:4)
- 8-Tetradecenoic (14:1)
- 12-Octadecenoic (18:1)
- Linoleic (18:2)
- Linolelaidic (trans-18:2)
- γ-Linolenic (18:3)
- Calendic (18:3)
- Pinolenic (18:3)
- Dihomo-linoleic (20:2)
- Dihomo-γ-linolenic (20:3)
- Sciadonic (20:3)
- Arachidonic (20:4)
- Adrenic (22:4)
- Osbond (22:5)
- Palmitoleic (16:1)
- Vaccenic (18:1)
- Rumenic (18:2)
- Paullinic (20:1)
- 7,10,13-Eicosatrienoic (20:3)
- Sapienic (16:1)
- Gadoleic (20:1)
- 4-Hexadecenoic (16:1)
- Petroselinic (18:1)
- 8-Eicosenoic (20:1)