Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Ghk.
Gamma-glutamyl hydrolase |
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Identifiers |
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EC no. | 3.4.19.9 |
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CAS no. | 9074-87-7 |
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Databases |
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IntEnz | IntEnz view |
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BRENDA | BRENDA entry |
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ExPASy | NiceZyme view |
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KEGG | KEGG entry |
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MetaCyc | metabolic pathway |
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PRIAM | profile |
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PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum |
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Search |
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PMC | articles |
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PubMed | articles |
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NCBI | proteins |
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GGH |
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![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Protein_GGH_PDB_1l9x.png/250px-Protein_GGH_PDB_1l9x.png) |
Available structures |
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PDB | Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB |
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Identifiers |
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Aliases | GGH, GH, gamma-glutamyl hydrolase, GATD10 |
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External IDs | OMIM: 601509; MGI: 1329035; HomoloGene: 2881; GeneCards: GGH; OMA:GGH - orthologs |
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Gene location (Human) |
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![Chromosome 8 (human)](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Ideogram_human_chromosome_8.svg/300px-Ideogram_human_chromosome_8.svg.png) | Chr. | Chromosome 8 (human)[1] |
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| Band | 8q12.3 | Start | 63,014,881 bp[1] |
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End | 63,039,407 bp[1] |
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Gene location (Mouse) |
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![Chromosome 4 (mouse)](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Ideogram_house_mouse_chromosome_4.svg/260px-Ideogram_house_mouse_chromosome_4.svg.png) | Chr. | Chromosome 4 (mouse)[2] |
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| Band | 4|4 A3 | Start | 20,042,052 bp[2] |
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End | 20,066,750 bp[2] |
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RNA expression pattern |
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Bgee | Human | Mouse (ortholog) |
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Top expressed in | - rectum
- kidney tubule
- ventricular zone
- mucosa of sigmoid colon
- mucosa of transverse colon
- right lobe of liver
- human penis
- ganglionic eminence
- gonad
- glomerulus
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| Top expressed in | - parotid gland
- lacrimal gland
- left colon
- submandibular gland
- esophagus
- Epithelium of choroid plexus
- pyloric antrum
- skin of external ear
- pancreas
- skin of abdomen
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| More reference expression data |
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BioGPS | ![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/PBB_GE_GGH_203560_at_fs.png/250px-PBB_GE_GGH_203560_at_fs.png) | More reference expression data |
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Gene ontology |
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Molecular function | - exopeptidase activity
- omega peptidase activity
- hydrolase activity
- gamma-glutamyl-peptidase activity
| Cellular component | - melanosome
- cytosol
- lysosome
- extracellular exosome
- nucleus
- extracellular region
- extracellular space
- azurophil granule lumen
- specific granule lumen
- tertiary granule lumen
- vacuole
| Biological process | - response to insulin
- response to zinc ion
- response to ethanol
- proteolysis
- neutrophil degranulation
- tetrahydrofolylpolyglutamate metabolic process
| Sources:Amigo / QuickGO |
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Wikidata |
View/Edit Human | View/Edit Mouse |
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Gamma-glutamyl hydrolase is an enzyme[5][6][7][8] that catalyses the following chemical reaction:
- Hydrolysis of a gamma-glutamyl bond
This lysosomal or secreted, thiol-dependent peptidase, most active at acidic pH.
In humans, gamma-glutamyl hydrolase is encoded by the GGH gene.[7][9][10] This gene catalyzes the hydrolysis of folylpoly-gamma-glutamates and antifolylpoly-gamma-glutamates by the removal of gamma-linked polyglutamates and glutamate.[10]
Nomenclature
Gamma-glutamyl hydrolase is also known as conjugase, folate conjugase, lysosomal gamma-glutamyl carboxypeptidase, gamma-Glu-X carboxypeptidase, pteroyl-poly-gamma-glutamate hydrolase, carboxypeptidase G, folic acid conjugase, poly(gamma-glutamic acid) endohydrolase, polyglutamate hydrolase, poly(glutamic acid) hydrolase II, pteroylpoly-gamma-glutamyl hydrolase.
Interactive pathway map
Click on genes, proteins and metabolites below to link to respective articles.[§ 1]
[[File:
|alt=Fluorouracil (5-FU) Activity edit]]
Fluorouracil (5-FU) Activity edit
- ^ The interactive pathway map can be edited at WikiPathways: "FluoropyrimidineActivity_WP1601".
References
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000137563 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000073987 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ Wang Y, Nimec Z, Ryan TJ, Dias JA, Galivan J (August 1993). "The properties of the secreted gamma-glutamyl hydrolases from H35 hepatoma cells". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1164 (3): 227–35. doi:10.1016/0167-4838(93)90253-n. PMID 8343522.
- ^ Yao R, Rhee MS, Galivan J (September 1995). "Effects of gamma-glutamyl hydrolase on folyl and antifolylpolyglutamates in cultured H35 hepatoma cells". Mol. Pharmacol. 48 (3): 505–11. PMID 7565632.
- ^ a b Yao R, Schneider E, Ryan TJ, Galivan J (September 1996). "Human gamma-glutamyl hydrolase: cloning and characterization of the enzyme expressed in vitro". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93 (19): 10134–8. Bibcode:1996PNAS...9310134Y. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.19.10134. PMC 38349. PMID 8816764.
- ^ Yao R, Nimec Z, Ryan TJ, Galivan J (April 1996). "Identification, cloning, and sequencing of a cDNA coding for rat gamma-glutamyl hydrolase". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (15): 8525–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.15.8525. PMID 8621474.
- ^ Yin D, Chave KJ, Macaluso CR, Galivan J, Yao R (Dec 1999). "Structural organization of the human gamma-glutamyl hydrolase gene". Gene. 238 (2): 463–70. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(99)00362-5. PMID 10570974.
- ^ a b "Entrez Gene: GGH gamma-glutamyl hydrolase (conjugase, folylpolygammaglutamyl hydrolase)". Archived from the original on 2022-12-12. Retrieved 2017-08-31.
Further reading
- Galivan J, Ryan T, Rhee M, et al. (1999). "Glutamyl hydrolase: properties and pharmacologic impact". Semin. Oncol. 26 (2 Suppl 6): 33–7. PMID 10598552.
- O'Connor BM, Rotundo RF, Nimec Z, et al. (1991). "Secretion of gamma-glutamyl hydrolase in vitro". Cancer Res. 51 (15): 3874–81. PMID 1713122.
- Chandler CJ, Wang TT, Halsted CH (1986). "Pteroylpolyglutamate hydrolase from human jejunal brush borders. Purification and characterization". J. Biol. Chem. 261 (2): 928–33. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(17)36185-9. PMID 2867095.
- Wang TT, Chandler CJ, Halsted CH (1986). "Intracellular pteroylpolyglutamate hydrolase from human jejunal mucosa. Isolation and characterization". J. Biol. Chem. 261 (29): 13551–5. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)67054-1. PMID 3759978.
- Yao R, Nimec Z, Ryan TJ, Galivan J (1996). "Identification, cloning, and sequencing of a cDNA coding for rat gamma-glutamyl hydrolase". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (15): 8525–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.15.8525. PMID 8621474.
- Rhee MS, Lindau-Shepard B, Chave KJ, et al. (1998). "Characterization of human cellular gamma-glutamyl hydrolase". Mol. Pharmacol. 53 (6): 1040–6. PMID 9614206.
- Li H, Ryan TJ, Chave KJ, Van Roey P (2002). "Three-dimensional structure of human gamma -glutamyl hydrolase. A class I glatamine amidotransferase adapted for a complex substrate". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (27): 24522–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M202020200. PMID 11953431.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
- Basrur V, Yang F, Kushimoto T, et al. (2003). "Proteomic analysis of early melanosomes: identification of novel melanosomal proteins". J. Proteome Res. 2 (1): 69–79. doi:10.1021/pr025562r. PMID 12643545.
- Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
- He P, Varticovski L, Bowman ED, et al. (2004). "Identification of carboxypeptidase E and gamma-glutamyl hydrolase as biomarkers for pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors by cDNA microarray". Hum. Pathol. 35 (10): 1196–209. doi:10.1016/j.humpath.2004.06.014. PMID 15492986. Archived from the original on 2022-10-15. Retrieved 2020-09-10.
- Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, et al. (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. Bibcode:2005Natur.437.1173R. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514. S2CID 4427026.
- Eisele LE, Chave KJ, Lehning AC, Ryan TJ (2006). "Characterization of Human gamma-glutamyl hydrolase in solution demonstrates that the enzyme is a non-dissociating homodimer". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1764 (9): 1479–86. doi:10.1016/j.bbapap.2006.06.008. PMID 16945597.
- Chi A, Valencia JC, Hu ZZ, et al. (2007). "Proteomic and bioinformatic characterization of the biogenesis and function of melanosomes". J. Proteome Res. 5 (11): 3135–44. doi:10.1021/pr060363j. PMID 17081065.
- Hayashi H, Fujimaki C, Inoue K, et al. (2007). "Genetic polymorphism of C452T (T127I) in human gamma-glutamyl hydrolase in a Japanese population". Biol. Pharm. Bull. 30 (4): 839–41. doi:10.1248/bpb.30.839. PMID 17409534.
External links
- Gamma-glutamyl+hydrolase at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: Q92820 (Gamma-glutamyl hydrolase) at the PDBe-KB.
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Biology