Gishū Nakayama
Gishū Nakayama | |
---|---|
Nakayama in 1955 | |
Native name | 中山 義秀 |
Born | (1900-10-05)5 October 1900 Shirakawa, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan |
Died | 19 August 1969(1969-08-19) (aged 68) Kamakura, Kanagawa prefecture, Japan |
Resting place | Engaku-ji, Kamakura, Japan |
Occupation | Writer |
Alma mater | Waseda University |
Genre | historical novels, short stories |
Notable awards | Akutagawa Prize (1938) Noma Literary Prize (1964) Japan Art Academy Prize (1966) |
Gishū Nakayama (中山 義秀, Nakayama Gishū, 5 October 1900 – 19 August 1969) was the pen-name of a Japanese writer active in Shōwa period Japan. His real name was Yoshihide Takama.
Early life
Gishū was born in rural Nishishirakawa District, Fukushima, in what is now part of the city of Shirakawa. He was a graduate of Waseda University. While at Waseda, he befriended Yokomitsu Riichi, whose poetry he would later compare to the haiku of Matsui Basho.[1] After his time in the university, he taught English at a middle school in Mie Prefecture with his new wife, but returned to the Tokyo area two years later to accept a post as an English teacher at a middle school in Narita, Chiba.[2]
Literary career
While a student at Waseda, Gishū founded a literary magazine, To (“Tower”) together with Yokomitsu Riichi and others, to which he contributed his first story, Ana (“The Hole”).
In 1935, despondent at the death of his wife, he drifted around Japan and drank heavily, but in 1938, he published his first short story collection, Denko (“Electric Light”), and two years later, won the 7th Akutagawa Prize for his novelette Atsumonozaki (厚物咲).[2] These works were followed by the short stories, Ishibumi (“Monument”), Seifu Sassa (“Swift Breeze”) and Fuso (“Wind and Frost”), which secured his reputation in the literary world.
Gishū moved to Kamakura, Kanagawa prefecture, from 1943 to the end of his life and took an active interest in the lending library, Kamakura Bunkō, and the publishing house of the same name.
His experiences as a war correspondent in World War II led to the short story Teniyan no matsujitsu in 1948, about two young intellectuals who died on Tinian in the Mariana Islands towards the end of the war. This marked a new start for Gishū, who later concentrated on historical novels, with the main subject being historical figures fighting for lost causes. These works include Shōan, about the 16th century warrior Akechi Mitsuhide, which won the Noma Prize in 1964, and the Japan Art Academy Prize in 1967.
Gishū died of acute anemia in 1969. Shortly before his death, he converted to Christianity; however, his grave is at Shōrei-in sub-temple of the Zen-sect temple of Engaku-ji in Kamakura. A memorial museum was opened in his home town of Shirakawa in 1993.
Awards
- 1938 Akutagawa Prize---Atsumonozaki,『厚物咲』[3]
- 1964 Noma Literary Award---Sakuan,『咲庵』
- 1966 Award of the Japan Art Academy---Sakuan,『咲庵』
See also
References
- Kiyohara, Yasumasa. Nakayama Gishu no shogai. Shin Jinbutsu Oraisha (1993). ISBN 4-404-02024-4 (Japanese)
- Mikame, Tatsuji. Nakayama Gishu no rekishi shosetsu. Shintensha (1993). ISBN 4-7879-6755-X (Japanese)
- Kataoka, Yoshikazu. Introduction to Contemporary Japanese Literature (1958). Introduction to Contemporary Japanese Literature at Google Books
External links
- Nakayama Gishu Memorial Museum, Shirakawa-city, Fukushima prefecture
Notes
- ^ Keene, Dennis (1999). Yokoyama Riichi:Modernist. iUniverse Press. ISBN 1583482857. page 121
- ^ a b Lane, Dunlop (1999). Autumn Wind and other Stories. Tuttle Publishing. ISBN 4805308508. page 257
- ^ 芥川賞受賞者一覧 (in Japanese). Bungeishunjū. Archived from the original on 2008-02-13. Retrieved 2010-01-27.
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- t
- e
- 1935: Tatsuzō Ishikawa / None
- 1936: Oda Takeo and Tsuruta Tomoya / Jun Ishikawa and Tomisawa Uio
- 1937: Ozaki Kazuo / Ashihei Hino
- 1938: Nakayama Gishū / Nakazato Tsuneko
- 1939: Handa Yoshiyuki and Hase Ken / Samukawa Kotaro
- 1940: None / Sakurada Tsunehisa
- 1941: Tada Yukei / Shibaki Yoshiko
- 1942: None / Kuramitsu Toshio
- 1943: Ishizuka Kikuzo / Tonobe Kaoru
- 1944: Yagi Yoshinori and Ono Juzo / Shimizu Motoyoshi
- 1949: Kotani Tsuyoshi and Yuki Shigeko / Yasushi Inoue
- 1950: Tsuji Ryoichi / None
- 1951: Abe Kōbō and Ishikawa Toshimitsu / Hotta Yoshie
- 1952: None / Gomi Kosuke and Matsumoto Seichō
- 1953: Shōtarō Yasuoka / None
- 1954: Yoshiyuki Junnosuke / Kojima Nobuo and Shono Junzo
- 1955: Shūsaku Endō / Shintaro Ishihara
- 1956: Kondō Keitarō / None
- 1957: Kikumura Itaru / Takeshi Kaikō
- 1958: Kenzaburō Ōe / None
- 1959: Shiba Shiro / None
- 1960: Morio Kita / Miura Tetsuo
- 1961: None / Kōichirō Uno
- 1962: Kawamura Akira / None
- 1963: Goto Kiichi and Kōno Taeko / Tanabe Seiko
- 1964: Shiba Shou / None
- 1965: Tsumura Setsuko / Takai Yuichi
- 1966: None / Maruyama Kenji
- 1967: Oshiro Tatsuhiro / Kashiwabara Hyozo
- 1968: Maruya Saiichi and Oba Minako / None
- 1969: Shoji Kaoru and Takubo Hideo / KiyookaTakayuki
- 1970: Yoshida Tomoko and Komao Furuyama / Yoshikichi Furui
- 1971: None / Kaisei Ri and Mineo Higashi
- 1972: Hiroshi Hatayama and Akio Miyahara / Michiko Yamamoto and Shizuko Go
- 1973: Taku Miki / Kuninobu Noro and Atsushi Mori
- 1974: None / Keizo Hino and Hiro Sakata
- 1975: Kyoko Hayashi / Kenji Nakagami and Kazuo Okamatsu
- 1976: Ryū Murakami / None
- 1977: Masahiro Mita and Masuo Ikeda / Teru Miyamoto and Shuzo Taki
- 1978: Kiichiro Takahashi and Michitsuna Takahashi / None
- 1979: Yoshiko Shigekane and So Aono / Reiko Mori
- 1980: None / Katsuhiko Otsuji
- 1981: Rie Yoshiyuki / None
- 1982: None / Yukiko Kato and Jūrō Kara
- 1983: None / Jun Kasahara and Nobuko Takagi
- 1984: None / Satoko Kizaki
- 1985: None / Fumiko Kometani
- 1986: None / None
- 1987: Kiyoko Murata / Natsuki Ikezawa and Kiyohiro Miura
- 1988: Man Arai / Keishi Nagi and Lee Yangji
- 1989: None / Akira Ooka and Mieko Takizawa
- 1990: Noboru Tsujihara / Yōko Ogawa
- 1991: Yo Henmi and Anna Ogino / Eiko Matsumura
- 1992: Tomomi Fujiwara / Yoko Tawada
- 1993: Haruhiko Yoshimeki / Hikaru Okuizumi
- 1994: Mitsuhiro Muroi and Yoriko Shono / None
- 1995: Kazushi Hosaka / Matayoshi Eiki
- 1996: Hiromi Kawakami / Hitonari Tsuji and Miri Yu
- 1997: Shun Medoruma / None
- 1998: Mangetsu Hanamura and Shu Fujisawa / Keiichiro Hirano
- 1999: None / Gengetsu and Chiya Fujino
- 2000: Kō Machida and Hisaki Matsuura / Yuichi Seirai and Toshiyuki Horie
- 2001: Sokyu Genyu / Yu Nagashima
- 2002: Shuichi Yoshida / Tamaki Daido
- 2003: Man'ichi Yoshimura / Risa Wataya and Hitomi Kanehara
- 2004: Norio Mobu / Kazushige Abe
- 2005: Fuminori Nakamura / Akiko Itoyama
- 2006: Takami Itō / Nanae Aoyama
- 2007: Tetsushi Suwa / Mieko Kawakami
- 2008: Yang Yi / Kikuko Tsumura
- 2009: Ken'ichirō Isozaki / None
- 2010: Akiko Akazome / Mariko Asabuki and Kenta Nishimura
- 2011: None / Toh EnJoe and Shinya Tanaka
- 2012: Maki Kashimada / Natsuko Kuroda
- 2013: Kaori Fujino / Hiroko Oyamada
- 2014: Tomoka Shibasaki / Masatsugu Ono
- 2015: Keisuke Hada and Naoki Matayoshi / Yusho Takiguchi and Yukiko Motoya
- 2016: Sayaka Murata / Sumito Yamashita
- 2017: Shinsuke Numata / Chisako Wakatake and Yuka Ishii
- 2018: Hiroki Takahashi / Takahiro Ueda and Ryōhei Machiya
- 2019: Natsuko Imamura / Makoto Furukawa
- 2020: Haruka Tono and Haneko Takayama / Rin Usami
- 2021: Li Kotomi and Mai Ishizawa / Bunji Sunakawa
- 2022: Junko Takase / Iko Idogawa and Atsushi Satō
- 2023: Saō Ichikawa / Rie Kudan