Guido de Lavezaris
Guido de Lavezaris | |
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2nd Governor-General of the Philippines | |
In office August 20, 1572 – August 25, 1575 | |
Monarch | Philip II of Spain |
Governor | (Viceroy of New Spain) Martín Enríquez de Almanza |
Preceded by | Miguel López de Legazpi |
Succeeded by | Francisco de Sande |
Personal details | |
Born | c. 1512 Seville, Spain |
Died | c. 1581 (aged 68–69) Manila, Philippines |
Occupation | colonial administrator and official |
Guido de Lavezaris (c. 1512 – d. 1581) was the second Spanish Governor General of the Philippines. He succeeded Miguel López de Legazpi in 1572 as governor, and was succeeded by Francisco de Sande on August 25, 1575.
Early life
Little was known of Governor-General Lavezares. In 1543, he became a member of the Villalobos Expedition that traveled to the Philippines.[1] He became the royal treasurer of the expedition during the navigation. Later on, he was one of several prisoners who escaped from a prison in Ambon Island when Villalobos' crew and ships were captured by the patrolling Portuguese.[2]
Governorship
During his governorship, he directed Legazpi's grandson Juan de Salcedo to go to the northern portion of Luzon together with some 100 Spanish soldiers and conquer the present-day Ilocos and establish Villa Fernandina.[2] Lavezaris also conquered the peninsula of Camarines and granted vast encomiendas to his loyal generals.[3]
In 1574, he defeated the notorious Chinese pirate Limahong when the latter attempted to colonize the Philippines.[2] In 1575, Spanish friar Martín de Rada filed a complaint to King Philip II of Spain against Lavezaris, which led to his removal from office. He was reported for abusing power and imposing higher tributes to the natives.[3]
Post-governorship
He never returned to Spain but retired as a wealthy encomendero. His successor Francisco de Sande issued a decree in 1576 stating the division of his encomienda into smaller lands which were to be distributed to the natives.[4] Sande also filed legal cases like usurpation to him, but this was later absolved by Philip II.[3] The municipality of Lavezares, Northern Samar was named after him.
Bibliography
Maura, Juan Francisco. La Relación del suceso de la venida del tirano chino del gobernador Guido de Lavezares (1575): Épica española en Asia en el siglo XVI. Edición, transcripción y notas (incluye facsimil del manuscrito original), Juan Francisco Maura. Lemir (Departamento de Filología Hispánica de la Universidad de Valencia)[5] 2004.
References
- ^ de Lavezaris, Guido (June 5, 1569). "Letter from Guido de Lavezaris to Felipe II". Filipinana.net. Retrieved 2009-10-13.[permanent dead link] Guido de Lavezares' letter to the King of Spain stating that Captain-major Gonzalo Pereira attacked Cebu the following year.
- ^ a b c Morga, Antonio de. (2004). The Project Gutenberg Edition Book : History of the Philippine Islands - 1521 to the beginning of the XVII century. Volume 1 and 2.
- ^ a b c Sakop Espanol sa Pilipinas (in Tagalog).
- ^ de Sande, Francisco; others (May 26, 1576). "Encomiendas forbidden to Royal Officials". Filipiniana.net. Archived from the original on 2009-07-19. Retrieved 2009-10-13.
- ^ "Guido de Lavezares, Relacion del suceso de la venida del tirano".
Political offices | ||
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Preceded by | Governor and Captain-General of the Philippines 1572–1575 | Succeeded by |
- v
- t
- e
Viceroyalty of New Spain
(1565–1821)
- Miguel López de Legazpi
- Guido de Lavezaris
- Francisco de Sande
- Gonzalo Ronquillo de Peñalosa
- Diego Ronquillo
- Santiago de Vera
- Gómez Pérez Dasmariñas
- Pedro de Rojas
- Luis Pérez Dasmariñas
- Francisco Tello de Guzmán
- Pedro Bravo de Acuña
- Cristóbal Téllez Almazán
- Count of Valle de Orizaba
- Juan de Silva
- Andrés de Alcaraz
- Alonso Fajardo de Tenza
- Jeronimo de Silva
- Fernándo de Silva
- Juan Niño de Tabora
- Lorenzo de Olaso
- Juan Cerezo de Salamanca
- Sebastián Hurtado de Corcuera
- Diego Fajardo
- Sabiniano Manrique de Lara
- Diego de Salcedo
- Juan Manuel de la Peña Bonifaz
- Manuel de León
- Francisco Coloma
- Francisco de Montemayor y Mansilla
- Juan de Vargas Hurtado
- Gabriel de Curucealegui
- Alonso de Abella Fuertes
- Fausto Cruzat y Góngora
- Domingo Zabálburu de Echevarri
- Martín de Urzua y Arismendi
- José Torralba
- Fernando Bustamante
- Francisco de la Cuesta
- Toribio de Cossío
- Fernándo Valdés Tamón
- Gaspar de la Torre
- Juan de Arechederra
- Marquis of Brindisi and Ovando
- Pedro Manuel de Arandía
- Miguel Lino de Ezpeleta
- Manuel Rojo
- Simón de Anda
- Francisco Javier de la Torre
- José Antonio Raón
- Simón de Anda
- Pedro Sarrió
- José Basco
- Pedro Sarrió
- Félix Berenguer de Marquina
- Rafael María de Aguilar
- Mariano Fernández de Folgueras
- Manuel González de Aguilar
- José de Gardoqui y Jarabeitia
- Mariano Fernández de Folgueras
(1821–1898)
- Mariano Fernández de Folgueras
- Juan Antonio Martínez
- Mariano Ricafort
- Pasqual Enrile
- Gabriel de Torres
- Joaquín de Crámer
- Pedro Antonio Salazar
- Andrés García Camba
- Luis Lardizábal
- Marcelino de Oraá Lecumberri
- Francisco de Paula Alcalá de la Torre
- Narciso Clavería
- Antonio María Blanco
- Juan Antonio de Urbiztondo
- Ramón Montero
- Manuel Pavía
- Ramón Montero
- Manuel Crespo
- Ramón Montero
- Fernándo Norzagaray
- Ramón María Solano
- Juan Herrera Dávila
- José Lemery
- Salvador Valdés
- Rafael de Echague
- Joaquín del Solar
- Juan de Lara
- José Laureano de Sanz
- Antonio Osorio y Mallén
- Joaquín del Solar
- José de la Gándara
- Manuel Álvarez-Maldonado y Loriga
- Carlos María de la Torre
- Rafael de Izquierdo
- Manuel MacCrohon
- Juan Alaminos
- Manuel Blanco Valderrama
- Marquis of San Rafael
- Marquis of Oroquieta
- Rafael Rodríguez Arias
- Fernando Primo de Rivera
- Emilio Molíns
- Joaquín Jovellar
- Emilio Molíns
- Emilio Terrero
- Antonio Molto
- Federico Lobaton
- Valeriano Weyler
- Eulogio Despujol
- Federico Ochando
- Ramon Blanco
- Camilo de Polavieja
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- Fernando Primo de Rivera
- Basilio Augustín
- Fermín Jáudenes
- Francisco Rizzo
- Diego de los Ríos
Smallcaps indicates an oidor of the Real Audiencia of Manila.