LMS Compound 4-4-0

One high pressure (inside)
Two low pressure (outside)

High-pressure cylinder19 in × 26 in (483 mm × 660 mm)Low-pressure cylinder21 in × 26 in (533 mm × 660 mm)Valve gearStephensonValve type

HP: piston valves
LP: Slide valves

Train brakesVacuum

Performance figures
Tractive effort	22,650 lbf (100.75 kN)

Career
Operators	London, Midland and Scottish Railway British Railways
Power class	4P
Numbers	LMS 900–939, 1045–1199 BR: 40900-40939, 41045–41199
Withdrawn	1952–1961
Disposition	All scrapped

The London, Midland and Scottish Railway Compound 4-4-0 was a class of steam locomotive designed for passenger work.^[1]

Overview

One hundred and ninety five engines were built by the LMS, adding to the 45 Midland Railway 1000 Class, to which they were almost identical. The most obvious difference is that the driving wheel diameter was reduced from 7 ft 0 in (2.134 m) on the Midland locomotive to 6 ft 9 in (2.057 m) on the LMS version. They were given the power classification 4P.

The LMS continued the Midland numbering from 1045 to 1199 and then started in the lower block of 900–939. After nationalisation in 1948, BR added 40000 to their numbers so they became 40900–40939 and 41045–41199.^[2]

Table of orders
LMS No.	BR No.	Lot No.	Date built	Built by	Nos.
1045–1084	41045–41084	6	1924	Derby Works
1085–1114	41085–41114	16	1925	Derby Works
1115–1130	41115–41130	17	1925	Horwich Works
1131–1134	41131–41134	17	1926	Horwich Works
1135–1159	41135–41159	18	1925	North British Loco	23229–53
1160–1184	41160–41184	19	1925	Vulcan Foundry	3833–3857
1185–1199	41185–41199	38	1927	Vulcan Foundry	3998–4012
900–909	40900–40909	38	1927	Vulcan Foundry	4013–4022
910–924	40910–40924	38	1927	Vulcan Foundry	4033–4047
925–934	40925–40934	38	1927	Vulcan Foundry	4023–4032
935–939	40935–40939	90	1932	Derby Works

40933 was later fitted with a Stanier 3500 gallon tender from 40936.^[2]

40936 was fitted to a Stanier 3500 gallon tender. Later fitted to 40933.^[2]

Accidents and incidents

On 8 January 1929, locomotive 1060 was hauling an express passenger train from Bristol to Leeds, Yorkshire when it overran signals at Ashchurch, Gloucestershire and collided with a freight train that was being shunted. Four people were killed.^[3]^[4]
On 13 March 1935, locomotive No. 1165 was hauling a milk train that was in a rear-end collision with an express freight train, hauled LNWR Claughton Class 4-6-0 No. 5946, at King's Langley, Hertfordshire due to a signalman's error. Two other freight trains collided with the wreckage. One of these trains was hauled by LMS Patriot Class 4-6-0 No. 5511 and the other was a coal train, being hauled by LMS Class 7F 0-8-0 No. 9598. 1 person was killed.^[5]

Withdrawal

The class were withdrawn between 1952 and 1961. None have survived into preservation, though the first of the Midland 1000 Class engines has.^[6] There is an unconfirmed report that No. 41168 was the subject of an unsuccessful preservation attempt by Dr. Peter Beet.^[7]

Table of withdrawals
Year	Quantity in service at start of year	Quantity withdrawn	Locomotive numbers
1952	195	6	40911/18/22, 41109/71/82.
1953	189	13	40905, 41046/52/55–57/92/99, 41125/45/48/78/84.
1954	176	23	40901/14/19/23, 41047/51/54/58/74/80/82/84/87/96, 41110/15/33–34/38–39/41/46/74.
1955	153	37	40903/06/08/12–13/15–16/21/24, 41059/61/67/69–70/72/76/81/91, 41104/07/17/24/26/27/30/35–36/49/54/61/69/75–77/83/88/98.
1956	116	27	40900/02/09–10/17/29/32/38–39, 41050/53/65/79/88/97, 41126/28/31–32/37/42/47/60/66/70/87/91.
1957	89	34	40904/26–27/30/34, 41045/48/64/73/75/77/85/89/98, 41103/05/08/12/16/40/50–51/53/55/72/79–81/85–86/92/94–95/97.
1958	55	36	40920/28/31/33/35/37, 41060/66/68/71/78/83/86/90/93/95, 41102/06/11/13–14/18–19/22/44/52/56/59/63–64/67/89–90/93/96/99.
1959	19	13	40925, 41049/62/94, 41100–01/20–21/23/43/58/65/73.
1960	6	4	40907, 41063, 41157/62.
1961	2	2	40936, 41168.

References

^ "4-4-0 Midland Compound express passenger locomotive N0.1000". Srpsmuseum.org.uk. 7 March 2012. Retrieved 12 June 2014.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Monument Lane Shed - View of ex-LMS 4P 4-4-0 Compound No 40936 coupled to the experimental Stanier 3500 gallon tender". Warwickshirerailways.com. Retrieved 12 June 2014.
^ Trevena, Arthur (1980). Trains in Trouble. Vol. 1. Redruth: Atlantic Books. p. 36. ISBN 0-906899-01-X.
^ "Report on the Accident at Ashchurch on 8th January 1929" (PDF). Ministry of Transport. 5 March 1929. Retrieved 10 June 2014.
^ Hall, Stanley (1990). The Railway Detectives. London: Ian Allan. p. 99. ISBN 0-7110-1929-0.
^ "Steam Locomotives of a More Leisurely Era 1902 – 4-4-0 Compounds Midland Railway | Chasewaterstuff's Railway & Canal Blog". Chasewaterstuff.wordpress.com. 14 January 2013. Retrieved 12 June 2014.
^ "Monument Lane Shed - View of ex-LMS 4P 4-4-0 Compound No 40936 coupled to the experimental Stanier 3500 gallon tender". Warwickshire Railways. Retrieved 9 December 2020.

Sources

Ian Allan ABC of British Railways Locomotives, 1948 Edition, part 3, pp 5–6
David Hunt, John Jennison and Bob Essery. LMS Locomotive Profiles No. 13: The Standard Compounds ISBN 978-1-905184-811
Rowledge, J.W.P. (1975). Engines of the LMS built 1923–51. Oxford: Oxford Publishing Company. ISBN 0-902888-59-5.