List of fuel cell vehicles
This is a list of fuel cell vehicles (FCV), or fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV), that use a fuel cell to power an electric drive system.
For Hydrogen internal combustion engine vehicles (HICEV) see the List of hydrogen internal combustion engine vehicles.
Cars
Current
Model | Production | Comments |
---|---|---|
Toyota Mirai (JPD10) Toyota Mirai (JPD20) | 2015-2020 2020–present | Marketed mainly in Japan, California, and Europe. As of November 2021[update], global sales topped 17,600 units since inception.[1] |
Hyundai Nexo | 2018–present | Marketed in South Korea, California, and Europe. |
Discontinued
- 2002 - Toyota FCHV — World's first government-certified commercial fuel cell vehicles. Leased in the United States and Japan.[2][3][4]
- 2002 - Honda FCX — World's first government-certified commercial fuel cell vehicles. Leased in the United States and Japan.[2][3][4]
- 2003 - Ford Focus FCV — Initially planned to be leased across 50 states, it was eventually only leased in California, Florida and Canada.[citation needed]
- 2003 - Nissan X-Trail FCV 04 — Leased to businesses and government entities in Japan and California.[5][6]
- 2005 - Mercedes-Benz F-Cell (A-Class based) — 100 leased around the world.[7]
- 2007 - Chevrolet Equinox FC — Leased in California and New York.
- 2008 - Toyota FCHV-add — Leased in the United States and Japan.[8][9]
- 2008 - Honda FCX Clarity — Leased in the United States, Europe and Japan.
- 2010 - Mercedes-Benz F-Cell (B-Class based) — Leased in southern California.[10]
- 2014 - Hyundai ix35 FCEV — Leased in South Korea, California, Europe and Vancouver (sometimes referred to as the "Tucson").
- 2016 - 2021 Honda Clarity Fuel Cell — Marketed in Japan, Southern California, Europe.[11][12] Total sales 1,900 vehicles.[13]
Demonstration fleets
- 1996 - Toyota FCHV-1[14]
- 1997 - Toyota FCHV-2[14]
- 1999 - Lotus Engineering Black Cab[15]
- 2000 - Ford Focus FCV
- 2001 - Hyundai Santa Fe FCEV[16]
- 2001 - GM HydroGen3 / Opel HydroGen3
- 2001 - Toyota FCHV-3[14]
- 2001 - Toyota FCHV-4[14]
- 2001 - Toyota FCHV-5[14]
- 2001 - Nissan X-Trail FCHV
- 2004 - Audi A2H2[17]
- 2004 - Mercedes-Benz A-Class F-Cell, powered by Ballard Power Systems
- 2005 - Fiat Panda Hydrogen
- 2005 - Mazda Premacy Hydrogen RE Hybrid
- 2007 - Chevrolet Equinox Fuel Cell / GM HydroGen4 also known as Opel HydroGen4[18] and Vauxhall HydroGen4[19]
- 2008 - Kia Borrego FCEV[20][21]
- 2008 - PSA H2Origin
- 2008 - Renault Scenic ZEV H2[22]
- 2008 - Toyota FCHV-adv[14]
- 2010 - Mercedes-Benz B-Class F-Cell
- 2016 - Roewe 950 Fuel Cell (plug-in hybrid fuel cell)[23][24]
- 2020 - Maxus EUNIQ 7 Minivan[23]
- 2023 - BMW iX5[25][26]
Aetek/FYK
- 2008 - FYK Aetek AS (unknown hybrid)
Alfa Romeo:
- 2010 - Alfa Romeo MiTo FCEV
Audi:
- 2009 - Audi Q5 FCEV[27]
- 2014 - Audi A7 h-tron quattro powered by Ballard Power Systems
BMW:
- 2010 - BMW 1 Series Fuel-cell hybrid electric[28]
- 2012 - BMW i8 fuel-cell prototype[29][30]
- 2015 - BMW 5 Series GT (F07) eDrive Hydrogen Fuel Cell[31]
- 2019 - BMW i Hydrogen NEXT[32]
Chang'an:
- 2010 - Z-SHINE FCV
Chrysler:
- 1999 - Jeep Commander
- 2001 - Chrysler Natrium
- 2003 - Jeep Treo
Daimler:
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Mercedes-Benz_Necar_1_IMG_0891.jpg/220px-Mercedes-Benz_Necar_1_IMG_0891.jpg)
- 1994 - Mercedes-Benz NECAR 1 based on Mercedes-Benz MB100
- 1996 - Mercedes-Benz NECAR 2 based on Mercedes-Benz V-Class
- 1997 - Mercedes-Benz NECAR 3, 4 (1999) and 5 (2000) based on Mercedes-Benz A-Class
- 2002 - Mercedes-Benz NECAR F-Cell based on the Mercedes-Benz A-Class
- 2005 - Mercedes-Benz F600 Hygenius[33]
- 2009 - Mercedes-Benz F-CELL Roadster
- 2009 - Mercedes-Benz F-Cell based on the Mercedes-Benz B-Class[34]
- 2009 - Mercedes-Benz BlueZERO F-Cell
FAW Group:
- 2010 - FAW Besturn B70 FCV
Fiat:
- 2001 - Fiat Seicento Elettra H2 Fuel Cell
- 2003 - Fiat Seicento Hydrogen
- 2008 - Fiat Phyllis
Ford:
- 2006 - F-250 Super Chief
General Motors:
- 2018 - Nathalie (uses reformed methanol fuel cell)[36]
Honda:
- 1999–2001 - Honda FCX - FCXV1/FCXV2/FCXV3/FCXV4[37]
- 2002–2003 - Honda FCX powered by Ballard Power Systems - 2002 FCX and 2003 FCX[37]
Hyundai:
- 2005 - Hyundai Tucson FCEV[38]
- 2014 - Hyundai Intrado[39]
- 2022 - Hyundai N Vision 74
Maxus:
- 2019 - Maxus G20FC - multi purpose vehicle (MPV)[40]
Mazda:
- 1997 - Mazda Demio FCEV[41]
- 2001 - Mazda Premacy FCEV (uses Reformed methanol fuel cell)[42]
Mitsubishi:
- 2004 - Mitsubishi FCV
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Morgan_life_car_%283916687381%29.jpg/220px-Morgan_life_car_%283916687381%29.jpg)
Morgan:
- 2005 - Morgan LIFEcar
Nissan:
- 2012 - Nissan TeRRA[43]
Peugeot:
- 2004 - Peugeot Quark
- 2006 - Peugeot 207 Epure
Riversimple:
- 2009 - Riversimple Urban Car
- 2016 - Riversimple Rasa[44]
Ronn Motor Company:
- 2008 - Ronn Motor Scorpion
SAIC:
- 2007 - Roewe 750 sedan FC.[45]
Suzuki:
- 2003 - Suzuki MR Wagon-FCV[46]
- 2003 - Suzuki Wagon R-FCV
- 2008 - Suzuki SX4-FCV[47]
Toyota:
- 1997 - Toyota FCHV-1
- 1999 - Toyota FCHV-2
- 2003 - Toyota Fine-S
- 2003 - Toyota Fine-N
- 2005 - Toyota Fine-T
- 2005 - Toyota Fine-X
- 2014 - Toyota FCV
- 2023 - Toyota Hilux FCEV concept two-wheel drive space-cab[48][49]
Volkswagen:
- 2000 - VW Bora Hy-motion
- 2002 - VW Bora Hy-power
- 2004 - VW Touran Hy-motion
- 2007 - Volkswagen Tiguan HyMotion Fuel Cells[50]
- 2007 - VW space up! blue
- 2008 - VW Passat Lingyu Hymotion[51]
- 2014 - Volkswagen Golf SportWagen HyMotion Fuel Cells[52]
- 2018 - Volkswagen Crafter HyMotion[53]
Light commercial van
Production
- 2017 - Maxus FCV80 light passenger (plug-in hybrid fuel cell)[23][54]
Concept
Daimler:
- Mercedes-Benz Sprinter fuel cell van
Trains
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/InnoTrans_2016_%E2%80%93_Alstom_iLint_with_Fuel_Cell_Batteries_%2829782914176%29.jpg/220px-InnoTrans_2016_%E2%80%93_Alstom_iLint_with_Fuel_Cell_Batteries_%2829782914176%29.jpg)
- 2008 - NE Train
- 2009 - Vehicle Projects HH20B
- 2012 - University of Birmingham - Hydrogen Pioneer fuel cell locomotive[55][56]
- 2015 - Prototype fuel cell powered tram demonstrated by CSR Sifang Co Ltd.[57][58][59]
- 2017 - Tangshan - CRRC TRC developed the world's first commercial fuel cell hybrid tram and completed its first test run on Nanhu industrial tourism demonstration operation in 2017.[60]
- 2018 - Alstom - Coradia iLint is the world's only fuel cell passenger train which is put in commercial operation in November 2018.[61][62][63]
- 2022 - Pesa - SM42-6DN
Trucks
Production
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Hyundai_Xcient_Fuel_Cell.jpg/220px-Hyundai_Xcient_Fuel_Cell.jpg)
- 2020 - Hyundai Xcient Fuel Cell - world's first fuel cell truck.[64]
Demonstration fleets
- 2021 – Kenworth T680 FCEV - powered by a Toyota fuel cell (ZANZEFF project)[65][66]
- 2021 – Hino Dutro light-duty FCET - powered by the Toyota Mirai fuel cell[67][68]
Concept
- Nikola One
- Nikola Two
- Nicola Tre
Buses
Production
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Seoul_405_Hydrogen_fuel_ElecCity.jpg/318px-Seoul_405_Hydrogen_fuel_ElecCity.jpg)
- 2018 – Toyota Sora
- 2020 – Hyundai Elec City FCEV bus[69][70][71]
- 2021 – Solaris Urbino 12 hydrogen
- 2023 – NesoBus
- 2023 – Autosan Sancity 12 LFH
Demonstration fleets
- 2018 - Sunwin SWB6128FCEV01 (seating capacity 18–24)[72][73]
Concept
Daimler:
- Mercedes-Benz Citaro fuel cell bus
Dolomitech
- Minibus A50 16 seats [74]
Ford:
- Ford E350 fuel cell shuttle bus
- FC-London Bus[75]
- Škoda TriHyBus[76]
- Solaris Trollino 18,75 H2
Tata:
- Tata Starbus fuel cell[77]
Toyota:
- Toyota FCHV-BUS[78]
University of Glamorgan, Wales:
- Tribid Bus
- A300L[79]
- Van Hool A330 FC [de]
VDL:
- Phileas
Motorcycles
Yamaha:
- 2005 - Yamaha FC-me
Suzuki: Burgman 400 ABS, an hydrogen scooter
Ships
- 2000 - Hydra
- 2003 - Duffy-Herreshoff watertaxi
- 2003 - Yacht No. 1
- 2004 - DeepC
- 2004 - Yacht XV 1
- 2004 - Hydrogen challenger
- 2006 - Xperiance
- 2007 - Tuckerboot
- 2007 - Canal boat
- 2008 - Zemships
- 2017 - Energy Observer[80]
- Submarines
Aircraft
- 2008 - Aircraft, Boeing[81]
- 2015 - Drone, Intelligent Energy, UK tested successfully Drones with Hydrogen fuel cell engine.[82]
- 2016 - HY4 is the first passenger aircraft in Germany.[83]
Racing vehicles
- 2008 - Element One - fuel cell vehicle - an American fuel cell-powered race vehicle built for the 2008 Formula Zero Championship, the world's first hydrogen race series.
- 2008 - Zero Emission Racing Team - fuel cell vehicle - Belgian team for Formula Zero Racing series.
- 2008 - Forze I - fuel cell vehicle - Dutch team for Formula Zero Racing series.
- 2009 - Forze II - fuel cell vehicle - Dutch team for Formula Zero Racing series.
- 2009 - Buckeye Bullet 2 - fuel cell vehicle - American team for land speed records.
- 2010 - Forze III - fuel cell vehicle - Dutch team for Formula Zero Racing series.
- 2011 - Forze IV - fuel cell vehicle - Dutch team for Formula Student competition.
- 2012 - Forze V - fuel cell vehicle - Dutch team for Formula Student competition.
- 2013 - Concept GreenGT H2 - fuel cell vehicle - French team for 24h of Le Mans.
- 2013 - Concept Forze VI - fuel cell vehicle - Dutch team for CCRC Competition.
- 2016 - Forze VII - fuel cell vehicle - Dutch studentteam which competes against petrol powered cars with a LMP3.
See also
- Timeline of hydrogen technologies
- List of battery electric vehicles
- Energy efficiency in transport
- Vehicular metrics
References
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External links
- "Fuel Cell Vehicles (From Auto Manufacturers)" (PDF). Fuel Cells. 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-09-27.
- "Morrie's Mazda Blog post: 15 Years of hydrogen development". 2007.