List of wars involving Mongolia
The following is an incomplete list of major wars fought by Mongolia, by Mongolian people or regular armies during periods when independent Mongolian states existed, from antiquity to the present day.
The list gives the name, the date, combatants, and the result of these conflicts following this legend:
- Mongolian victory
- Mongolian defeat
- Another result (e.g. a treaty or peace without a clear result, status quo ante bellum, result of civil or internal conflict, result unknown or indecisive)
- Ongoing conflict
Mongolian tribes
This section contains list of wars involving Xianbei, Wuhuan, Wusun and other Mongol tribes.
Date | Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
---|---|---|---|---|
2nd century | Wuhuan Uprising | Wuhuan | Northern Xiongnu | Wuhuan victory |
93 | Battle of Ikh Bayan | Xianbei | Xiongnu | Xianbei victory |
97–130 | Raids on cities Liaodong Peninsula | Xianbei | Han Dynasty | Unclear |
117 | Xianbei Conflict with Wusun | Xianbei | Wusun | Xianbei defeat |
119 | Raid on Ma-chen-sai | Xianbei | Xiongnu | Defeat |
122 | The attack on Yanmen and Dingxiang | Xianbei | Han Dynasty | Defeat |
121 | Han-Xianbei war | Xianbei | Han Dynasty | Victory |
123 | Attack's on Northern Xiongnu | Xianbei | Xiongnu | Victory |
155 | Dismemberment Xiongnu | Xianbei Han Dynasty | Xiongnu | Victory
|
2nd century | Xianbei-Buyeo conflict | Xianbei | Buyeo | Victory |
2nd century | Tanshihuay's campaign against Wusun | Xianbei | Wusun | Xianbei victory |
166 | Great campaign to Caspian Sea by Tanshihuay | Xianbei | Everything on way to Caspian Sea | Victory |
177 | Han-Xianbei conflict | Xianbei | Han Dynasty | Victory |
177 | Xia Yu, Bian Yan and Tsang Ming campaign against Xianbei. | Xianbei | Han Dynasty | Victory |
2nd–3rd century | Helyan's raid on China. | Xianbei | Han Dynasty | Defeat |
Rouran Khaganate
This section contains list of wars involving Rouran Khaganate
Date | Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
---|---|---|---|---|
508–540 | Rouran-Tiele people wars | Rouran Khaganate | Tiele people | Victory |
554–555 | Rouran-Turkic war | Rouran Khaganate | First Turkic Khaganate | Defeat
|
Khitan Empire/Liao Dynasty
This section contains list of wars involving Liao Dynasty
Date | Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
---|---|---|---|---|
906–926 | The conquest of the Balhae State | Liao Dynasty | Balhae | Victory
|
923–936 | The proxy war with the Later Tang | Liao Dynasty | Later Tang | Victory |
979 | Battle of Gaoliang river | Liao Dynasty | Song Dynasty | Victory |
986 | Battle of Qigou Pass | Liao Dynasty | Song Dynasty | Victory |
993 | First conflict in the Goryeo–Khitan War | Liao Dynasty | Kingdom of Goryeo | Victory |
1010–1011 | Second conflict in the Goryeo–Khitan War | Liao Dynasty | Kingdom of Goryeo | Victory |
1019 | Third conflict in the Goryeo–Khitan War | Liao Dynasty | Kingdom of Goryeo | Defeat |
1114–1125 | Jin-Khitan war | Liao Dynasty | Jin dynasty (1115–1234) | Defeat
|
Mongol Empire
This section contains list of wars involving Mongol Empire.
Mongolian States
This section contains list of wars involving different Mongolian states existed between the 13th and 14th centuries.
Post-imperial Mongolia
This section contains list of wars involving different post-imperial Mongolian states (Northern Yuan Dynasty, Dzungar Khanate, Four Oirat)
Date | Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
---|---|---|---|---|
1388–1399 | Rise of the Oirats | Northern Yuan Dynasty | Four Oirat | Defeat
|
1409 | Battle of Kherlen | Northern Yuan Dynasty | Ming Dynasty | Victory |
1409–1424 | Yongle Emperor's campaigns against the Mongols | Northern Yuan Dynasty | Ming Dynasty | Defeat |
1449 | Tumu Crisis | Oirats | Ming Dynasty | Victory |
1449 | Defense of Beijing | Oirats | Ming Dynasty | Inconclusive
|
1479–1510 | Second concatenate Mongolian tribes | Dayan Khan coalition | Various Taishis | Victory
|
1500–1501 | Raid Dayan Khan on Ningxia | Northern Yuan Dynasty | Ming Dynasty | Defeat |
1501–1507 | Northern Yuan-Ming Dynasty War | Northern Yuan Dynasty | Ming Dynasty | Eventual Victory |
1550 | Siege of Beijing | Tumed Mongols | Ming Dynasty | Victory
|
1529–1571 | Dayan Khans raid on Ming Dynasty | Northern Yuan Dynasty | Ming Dynasty | Northern yuan victory
|
1538 | Uriankhai uprising | Northern Yuan Dynasty | Tuvans | Revolt suppressed |
1542 | Dayan Khan deathbed clash with Chinese troops | Northern Yuan Dynasty | Ming Dynasty | Victory |
1600–1635 | Chahar-Jurchen War | Northern Yuan Dynasty | Later Jin | Defeat
|
1687–1698 | First Dzungar-Qing War | Dzungar Khanate | Qing dynasty | Defeat |
1688 | Russian empire invasion to Lake Baikal, Buryat lands | Khalkha Mongols | Russian Empire | Victory |
1715–1739 | Second Dzungar-Qing War | Dzungar Khanate | Qing dynasty | Peaceful agreement |
1755–1759 | Ten Great Campaigns genocide of the Dzungars | Dzungar Khanate | Qing dynasty | Defeat
|
Dzungar Khanate and Kalmyk Khanate
This section contains list of wars involving Dzungar Khanate and Kalmyk Khanate.
Dzungar Khanate
Date | Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
---|---|---|---|---|
1635 | Kazakh-Dzungar conflict | Dzungar Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Defeat |
1640 | Dzungar campaign against the Kazakh Khanate | Dzungar Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Defeat |
1643 | Battle of Orbulaq | Dzungar Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Defeat |
1678–1680 | Dzungar conquest of Altishahr | Dzungar Khanate | Yarkent Khanate | Victory |
1680 | Dzungar invasion of Tengeri Mountains | Dzungar Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Victory |
1680 | Dzungar invasion of Semirechye and South Kazakhstan | Dzungar Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Victory
|
1681 | Dzungar invasion of Turfan | Dzungar Khanate | Yarkent Khanate | Victory |
1681 | Dzungar invasion of Hami | Dzungar Khanate | Yarkent Khanate | Victory |
1683 | Galdan Boshigt's invasion of Kazakh khanate | Dzungar Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Victory
Valley |
1683–1684 | Dzungar campaign against the Kazakh Khanate | Dzungar Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Victory
|
1690 | Battle of Ulan Butung | Dzungar Khanate | ![]() | Unclear |
1696 | Battle of Jao modo | Dzungar Khanate | ![]() | Defeat |
1711 | Kazakh counteroffensive against the Dzungars | Dzungar Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Defeat |
1712 | Kazakh invasion of the Dzungar Khanate | Dzungar Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Defeat |
1713 | Dzungar campaign against the Kazakh Khanate | Dzungar Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Defeat |
1713–1716 | Bucholz's expedition to Dzungaria | Dzungar Khanate | ![]() | Victory |
1714 | Battle of the Ayagoz River | Dzungar Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Victory |
1714 | Kazakh invasion of the Dzungar Khanate | Dzungar Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Defeat |
1719–1720 | Likharev's expedition to Dzungaria | Dzungar Khanate | ![]() | Victory |
1723–1730 | Dzungar-Kazakh War | Dzungar Khanate![]() Supported by: ![]() | Kazakh Khanate | Initial victory, later defeat
|
1730–1731 | Irtysh Operation | Dzungar Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Defeat |
1730–1731 | Altay Operation | Dzungar Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Victory |
1731 | Qing invasion of the Dzungar Khanate | Dzungar Khanate | ![]() | Victory |
1731 | Battle of Lake Khoton | Dzungar Khanate | ![]() | Victory |
1741 | Dzungar-Kazakh War | Dzungar Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Defeat
|
1752–1755 | Dzungar-Kazakh War | Dzungar Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Defeat
|
1755–1757 | Dzungar-Qing War | Dzungar Khanate | ![]() | Defeat
|
Kalmyk Khanate
Date | Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
---|---|---|---|---|
1608 | Battle of the Baraba steppe | ![]() | ![]() | Victory
|
1630 | Siege of Yaik Cossack towns in Yaik River | ![]() | ![]() | Defeat |
1633–1635 | Kalmyk Conquest of the Nogai Horde | ![]() | ![]() | Victory |
1680s | Kalmyk campaign against the Kazakh Khanate | ![]() | Kazakh Khanate Turkmen people | Victory
|
1696–1710 | Kalmyk-Russian Coalition | ![]() ![]() | *•![]()
| Victory |
1715 | Crimean campaign to Astrakhan | ![]() | ![]() | Defeat
|
1723–1726 | Abulkhair's campaigns against the Kalmyk Khanate | ![]() | Kazakh Khanate | Defeat |
1724 | Volga-Saratov offensive | ![]() | Kazakh Khanate | Defeat |
1737–1738 | Kazakh campaign against the Kalmyks and Yaik Cossacks | ![]() ![]() | Kazakh Khanate | Defeat |
1743–1747 | Abul Khair–Neplyuyev conflict | ![]() ![]() | Kazakh Khanate | Defeat
|
1755 | Zhaugash Batyr's counteroffensive | ![]() | Kazakh Khanate | Defeat |
1756 | First Kazakh–Qing War | ![]() ![]() | Kazakh Khanate | Initial victory, later defeat
|
1771 | Kalmyk Exodus to Dzungaria | ![]() | Kazakh Khanate Supported by: ![]() ![]() | Defeat
|
Beginning of the 20th century
This section contains list of wars and major battlesinvolving different Mongolian states that existed in the first four decades of the 20th century (Mongolia (1911–1924), Buryat-Mongolia, Uryankhay Republic).
Date | Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
---|---|---|---|---|
1911–1912 | Mongolian Revolution of 1911 | ![]() | ![]() | Victory
|
1912 | Liberation of Khovd | ![]() | ![]() | Victory |
1913 | Operation Бух чичүүр | ![]() | ![]() | Victory |
1913 | Operation Crazy Tiger Invasion | ![]() | ![]() | Victory |
1912–1915 | Bogd Khanate's attempt to liberate Inner Mongolia | ![]() | ![]() | Initial Victory
|
1917–1923 | Russian Civil War — Eastern Front of the Russian Civil War | Buryat-Mongolia Green Ukraine | ![]() ![]() | Defeat |
1919–1921 | Occupation of Mongolia | ![]() Buryat-Mongolia ![]() | ![]() | Initial defeat, Later victory
|
1920 | Liberation of Urga | ![]()
| ![]() | Victory |
1921 | Battle for Khyagta | ![]() | ![]() | Victory |
1921 | Mongolian Revolution of 1921 | ![]() ![]() | ![]() ![]() | Defeat of the Bogd Khaanate
|
1935–1937 | Suiyuan Campaign | ![]() ![]() | ![]() | Defeat |
Mongolian People's Republic
This section contains list of wars involving Mongolian People's Republic.
Date | Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
---|---|---|---|---|
1932 | Khuvsgul Uprising | ![]() | Buddhist lamas![]() ![]() | Victory |
1935 | Battle of Khalkhyn Temple | ![]() | ![]() | Victory |
1939 | Battles of Khalkhin Gol | ![]() ![]() | ![]() ![]() | Victory |
1939–1945 | Soviet–Japanese War (World War II) | ![]() ![]() | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Victory (for the Mongolian People's Republic) |
1946–1948 | Battle of Baitag Bogd | ![]() ![]() | ![]() | Return to status quo ante bellum |
Sources
- https://web.archive.org/web/20160721035626/http://www.legendtour.ru/rus/mongolia/history/history.shtml
- http://gumilevica.kulichki.net/HPH/index.html
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