Mesomys

Genus of mammals belonging to the spiny rat family of rodents

Mesomys
Temporal range: Recent
PreꞒ
O
S
D
C
P
T
J
K
Pg
N
Ferreira's spiny tree-rat
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Rodentia
Family: Echimyidae
Subfamily: Echimyinae
Tribe: Echimyini
Genus: Mesomys
Wagner, 1845
Type species
Mesomys ecaudatus
Species

Mesomys hispidus
Mesomys leniceps
Mesomys occultus
Mesomys stimulax

Mesomys is a genus of South American spiny rats in the family Echimyidae.[1]

The genus name Mesomys derives from the two ancient greek words μέσος (mésos), meaning "middle of, between", and μῦς (mûs), meaning "mouse, rat".[2][3] It refers to the fact that these rodents — literally the "middle mouse" — were considered an intermediate form between the genus Loncheres and the genus Echinomys, both of which are now known to be synonyms of Echimys.[4][5]

Extant Species

Image Scientific name Common Name Distribution
Mesomys hispidus Ferreira's spiny tree-rat Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname and Venezuela
Mesomys leniceps Woolly-headed spiny tree-rat Peru
Mesomys occultus Tufted-tailed spiny tree-rat Brazil
Mesomys stimulax Pará spiny tree-rat Brazil.

Phylogeny

Mesomys is a member of the Echimyini clade of arboreal Echimyidae rodents.[6] The closest relative of Mesomys is Lonchothrix, reflecting the fact that these taxa have once been classified in the Eumysopinae,[1] a subfamily now recognized as an artificial assemblage.[7] These two genera share phylogenetic affinities with several taxa and clades: (i) Echimys, Phyllomys, Makalata, Pattonomys, and Toromys ; (ii) the bamboo rats Dactylomys, Olallamys, Kannabateomys together with Diplomys and Santamartamys ; and (iii) Isothrix.[8]

Genus-level cladogram of the Echimyini.
Echimyini 
         

  Isothrix

  "Eumysopines"  

  Lonchothrix
  (Tuft-tailed spiny tree-rat)

  Mesomys

         
         
         
         

  Pattonomys

  Toromys
  (Giant tree-rat)

         

  Makalata

  Diplomys

  Santamartamys
  (Red-crested tree-rat)

  "Dactylomyines"  

  Kannabateomys
  (Atlantic bamboo rat)

         
The cladogram has been reconstructed from mitochondrial and nuclear DNA characters.[9][10][11][12][7][13][14][15][6][8]

References

  1. ^ a b Woods, C.A.; Kilpatrick, C.W. (2005). "Genus Mesomys". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 1583–1584. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
  2. ^ Bailly, Anatole (1981-01-01). Abrégé du dictionnaire grec français. Paris: Hachette. ISBN 978-2010035289. OCLC 461974285.
  3. ^ Bailly, Anatole. "Greek-french dictionary online". www.tabularium.be. Retrieved December 17, 2017.
  4. ^ Wagner, Johann Andreas (1845). "Diagnosen einiger neuen Arten von Nagern und Handflüglern". Archiv für Naturgeschichte. 11 (1): 145.
  5. ^ Palmer, T. S. (1904). Details - Index generum mammalium: a list of the genera and families of mammals. - Biodiversity Heritage Library. Washington, Govt. Print. Off. p. 415. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.39809.
  6. ^ a b Fabre, Pierre-Henri; Patton, James L.; Leite, Yuri L. R. (2016). "Family Echimyidae (hutias, South American spiny-rats and coypu)". In Wilson, Don E.; Lacher, Thomas E. Jr; Mittermeier, Russell A. (eds.). Handbook of the Mammals of the World. Vol 6. Lagomorphs and Rodents I. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. pp. 552–641. ISBN 978-84-941892-3-4.
  7. ^ a b Fabre, Pierre-Henri; Galewski, Thomas; Tilak, Marie-ka; Douzery, Emmanuel J. P. (2013-03-01). "Diversification of South American spiny rats (Echimyidae): a multigene phylogenetic approach". Zoologica Scripta. 42 (2): 117–134. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.2012.00572.x. ISSN 1463-6409.
  8. ^ a b Fabre, Pierre-Henri; Upham, Nathan S.; Emmons, Louise H.; Justy, Fabienne; Leite, Yuri L. R.; Loss, Ana Carolina; Orlando, Ludovic; Tilak, Marie-Ka; Patterson, Bruce D.; Douzery, Emmanuel J. P. (2017-03-01). "Mitogenomic Phylogeny, Diversification, and Biogeography of South American Spiny Rats". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 34 (3): 613–633. doi:10.1093/molbev/msw261. ISSN 0737-4038. PMID 28025278.
  9. ^ Lara, Márcia C.; Patton, James L.; da Silva, Maria Nazareth F. (1996). "The Simultaneous Diversification of South American Echimyid Rodents (Hystricognathi) Based on Complete Cytochrome b Sequences". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 5 (2): 403–413. doi:10.1006/mpev.1996.0035. PMID 8728398.
  10. ^ Leite, Yuri L. R.; Patton, James L. (2002). "Evolution of South American spiny rats (Rodentia, Echimyidae): the star-phylogeny hypothesis revisited". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 25 (3): 455–464. doi:10.1016/s1055-7903(02)00279-8.
  11. ^ Galewski, Thomas; Mauffrey, Jean-François; Leite, Yuri L. R.; Patton, James L.; Douzery, Emmanuel J. P. (2005). "Ecomorphological diversification among South American spiny rats (Rodentia; Echimyidae): a phylogenetic and chronological approach". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 34 (3): 601–615. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2004.11.015. PMID 15683932.
  12. ^ Upham, Nathan S.; Patterson, Bruce D. (2012). "Diversification and biogeography of the Neotropical caviomorph lineage Octodontoidea (Rodentia: Hystricognathi)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 63 (2): 417–429. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2012.01.020. PMID 22327013.
  13. ^ Loss, Ana; Moura, Raquel T.; Leite, Yuri L. R. (2014). "Unexpected phylogenetic relationships of the painted tree rat Callistomys pictus (Rodentia: Echimyidae)" (PDF). Natureza on Line. 12: 132–136.
  14. ^ Fabre, Pierre-Henri; Vilstrup, Julia T.; Raghavan, Maanasa; Der Sarkissian, Clio; Willerslev, Eske; Douzery, Emmanuel J. P.; Orlando, Ludovic (2014-07-01). "Rodents of the Caribbean: origin and diversification of hutias unravelled by next-generation museomics". Biology Letters. 10 (7): 20140266. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2014.0266. ISSN 1744-9561. PMC 4126619. PMID 25115033.
  15. ^ Upham, Nathan S.; Patterson, Bruce D. (2015). "Evolution of Caviomorph rodents: a complete phylogeny and timetree for living genera". In Vassallo, Aldo Ivan; Antenucci, Daniel (eds.). Biology of caviomorph rodents: diversity and evolution. Buenos Aires: SAREM Series A, Mammalogical Research — Sociedad Argentina para el Estudio de los Mamíferos. pp. 63–120.
  • v
  • t
  • e
Extant species of family Echimyidae (Spiny rats), including Myocastoridae (Coypus) and Capromyidae (Hutias)
Echimyinae
Echimyini
Dactylomys
  • Bolivian bamboo rat (D. boliviensis)
  • Amazon bamboo rat (D. dactylinus)
  • Montane bamboo rat (D. peruanus)
Diplomys
  • Colombian soft-furred spiny rat (D. caniceps)
  • Rufous soft-furred spiny rat (D. labilis)
Echimys
  • White-faced spiny tree-rat (E. chrysurus)
  • Dark spiny tree-rat (E. saturnus)
  • Vieira's spiny tree-rat (E. vieirai)
Isothrix
  • I. barbarabrownae
  • Yellow-crowned brush-tailed rat (I. bistriata)
  • Rio Negro brush-tailed rat (I. negrensis)
  • Plain brush-tailed rat (I. pagurus)
  • Sinnamary brush-tailed rat (I. sinnamariensis)
Kannabateomys
  • Atlantic bamboo rat (K. amblyonyx)
Lonchothrix
  • Tuft-tailed spiny tree-rat (L. emiliae)
Makalata
  • Red-nosed armored tree-rat (M. didelphoides)
  • Long-tailed armored tree-rat (M. macrura)
  • Dark armored tree-rat (M. obscura)
  • Peruvian armored tree-rat (M. rhipidura)
Mesomys
  • Ferreira's spiny tree-rat (M. hispidus)
  • Woolly-headed spiny tree-rat (M. leniceps)
  • Tufted-tailed spiny tree-rat (M. occultus)
  • Pará spiny tree-rat (M. stimulax)
Olallamys
  • White-tailed olalla rat (O. albicauda)
  • Greedy olalla rat (O. edax)
Pattonomys
  • Bare-tailed armored tree-rat (P. occasius)
  • Speckled spiny tree-rat (P. semivillosus)
Phyllomys
  • Golden Atlantic tree-rat (P. blainvillii)
  • Orange-brown Atlantic tree-rat (P. brasiliensis)
  • Drab Atlantic tree-rat (P. dasythrix)
  • Kerr's Atlantic tree-rat (P. kerri)
  • Pallid Atlantic tree-rat (P. lamarum)
  • Lund's Atlantic tree-rat (P. lundi)
  • Mantiqueira Atlantic tree-rat (P. mantiqueirensis)
  • Long-furred Atlantic tree-rat (P. medius)
  • Blacked-spined Atlantic tree-rat (P. nigrispinus)
  • Rusty-sided Atlantic tree-rat (P. pattoni)
  • Southern Atlantic tree-rat (P. sulinus)
  • Giant Atlantic tree-rat (P. thomasi)
  • Short-furred Atlantic tree-rat (P. unicolor)
Santamartamys
  • Red-crested tree-rat (S. rufodorsalis)
Toromys
  • Giant tree-rat (T. grandis)
Myocastorini
Callistomys
  • Painted tree-rat (C. pictus)
Hoplomys
  • Armored rat (H. gymnurus)
Myocastor
  • Nutria (M. coypus)
Proechimys
group canicollis
  • Colombian spiny rat (P. canicollis)
group decumanus
  • Pacific spiny rat (P. decumanus)
group echinothrix
  • Stiff-spine spiny rat (P. echinothrix)
group gardneri
  • Gardner's spiny rat (P. gardneri)
  • Kulina spiny rat (P. kulinae)
  • Patton's spiny rat (P. pattoni)
group goeldii
  • Goeldi's spiny rat (P. goeldii)
  • Napo spiny rat (P. quadruplicatus)
  • Steere's spiny rat (P. steerei)
group guyannensis
  • Guyenne spiny rat (P. guyannensis)
  • Roberto's spiny rat (P. roberti)
group longicaudatus
  • Short-tailed spiny rat (P. brevicauda)
  • Cuvier's spiny rat (P. cuvieri)
  • Long-tailed spiny rat (P. longicaudatus)
group semispinosus
  • O'Connell's spiny rat (P. oconnelli)
  • Tome's spiny rat (P. semispinosus)
group simonsi
  • Simon's spiny rat (P. simonsi)
group trinitatus
  • Trinidad spiny rat (P. trinitatus)
  • Boyacá spiny rat (P. chrysaeolus)
  • Guaira spiny rat (P. guairae)
  • Guyanan spiny rat (P. hoplomyoides)
  • Magdalena spiny rat (P. magdalenae)
  • Minca spiny rat (P. mincae)
  • Gray-footed spiny rat (P. poliopus)
  • Sucre spiny rat (P. urichi)
Thrichomys
  • Common punaré (T. apereoides)
  • Foster's punaré (T. fosteri)
  • Highlands punaré (T. inermis)
  • Sao Lourenço punaré (T. laurentius)
  • Paraguayan punaré (T. pachyurus)
Euryzygomatomyinae
Clyomys
  • Broad-headed spiny rat (C. laticeps)
Euryzygomatomys
  • Brandt's guiara (E. guiara)
  • Fischer's guiara (E. spinosus)
Trinomys
  • White-spined Atlantic spiny rat (T. albispinus)
  • Soft-spined Atlantic spiny rat (T. dimidiatus)
  • Elias's Atlantic spiny rat (T. eliasi)
  • Gracile Atlantic spiny rat (T. gratiosus)
  • Ihering's Atlantic spiny rat (T. iheringi)
  • Dark-caped Atlantic spiny rat (T. mirapitanga)
  • Moojen's Atlantic spiny rat (T. moojeni)
  • Mouse-tailed Atlantic spiny rat (T. myosuros)
  • Spiked Atlantic spiny rat (T. paratus)
  • Hairy Atlantic spiny rat (T. setosus)
  • Yonenaga's Atlantic spiny rat (T. yonenagae)
Incertae sedis
Carterodon
  • Owl's spiny rat (C. sulcidens)
Capromyinae
Capromyini
Capromys
  • Desmarest's hutia (C. pilorides)
Geocapromys
  • Jamaican coney (G. brownii)
  • Bahamian hutia (G. ingrahami)
Mesocapromys
  • Cabrera's hutia (M. angelcabrerai)
  • Eared hutia (M. auritus)
  • Black-tailed hutia (M. melanurus)
  • Dwarf hutia (M. nanus)
  • San Felipe hutia (M. sanfelipensis)
Mysateles
  • Garrido's hutia (M. garridoi)
  • Isla De La Juventud tree hutia (M. meridionalis)
  • Prehensile-tailed hutia (M. prehensilis)
Plagiodontini
Plagiodontia
  • Hispaniolan hutia (P. aedium)
Taxon identifiers
Mesomys