National Code of Nepal
The National Code, 1963 मुलुकी ऐन, २०२० | |
---|---|
![]() | |
HM the King Mahendra | |
Long title
| |
Citation | Act No. 67 of 2019 (1963) |
Territorial extent | Whole of Nepal |
Enacted by | HM the King Mahendra |
Enacted | 12 April 1963 |
Royal assent | 12 April 1963 |
Commenced | 17 August 1963 |
Repeals | |
Contract Act, 1966 Evidence Act, 1974 Some Nepal Acts Repealing Act, 1990 Court Proceedings Related Some Nepal Acts Amendment Act, 1990 Children Act, 1992 Some Nepal Acts Amendment Act, 1993 Some Nepal Acts Amendment Act, 1999 Slaughtering House and Meat Inspection Act, 1999 Punishment Related Some Nepal Acts Amendment Act, 1999 Contract Act, 2000 Court Proceedings Related Some Nepal Acts Amendment Act, 2002 Some Nepal Acts Amendment Act, 2006 Some Nepal Acts to Maintain Gender Equality Amendment Act, 2006 Republic Strengthening and Some Nepal Laws Amendment Act, 2010 | |
Amended by | |
National Code (First Amendment) Act, 1964 National Code (Second Amendment) Act, 1967 National Code (Third Amendment) Act, 1968 National Code (Fourth Amendment) Act, 1970 National Code (Fifth Amendment) Act, 1974 National Code (Sixth Amendment) Act, 1976 National Code (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1978 National Code (Eighth Amendment) Act, 1985 National Code (Ninth Amendment) Act, 1986 National Code (Tenth Amendment) Act, 1993 National Code (Eleventh Amendment) Act, 2002 National Code (Twelfth Amendment) Act, 2007 | |
Status: Repealed |
The National Code (Nepali: मुलुकी ऐन; Muluki Ain, literally: Nation's Code) is a single comprehensive code that includes criminal and civil code along with the code of procedures of Nepal. The National Code has been replaced by the Muluki Criminal Code and its Code of Procedures and the Muluki Civil Code and its Code of Procedures on August 17, 2018.[1]
History
The Manav Nyaya Shastra (Nepali: मानव न्याय शास्त्र; Newari: Nyayavikasini;[2] literally: Human Justice Code) is the first codified law of Nepal. It was written during the Malla Dynasty in the 14th century. This is believed to be the root of structured law system in Nepal.
The Mulukī Ain of 1854 is the foundational legal text for modern Nepal.[3] The laws remained largely unchanged until 1963. In 2018, the Mulukī Ain was replaced by the new criminal and civil codes, and their respective codes of procedure.[4]
Outline
It was enacted by king Mahendra. The General Code is divided into the following parts and chapters:
- Preamble
- Part 1
- On Preliminary Matters
- Part 2
- Chapter 1: On Court Proceedings
- Chapter 2: On Punishment
- Part 3
- Chapter 1: On Document Scrutiny
- Chapter 2: On Guarantee
- Chapter 3: On Bona Vacantia
- Chapter 4: On Wages
- Chapter 5: On Pauper
- Chapter 6: On Lost and Found Quadruped
- Chapter 7: On Trusts
- Chapter 8: On Cultivation of Land
- Chapter 9: On Land Evictions
- Chapter 10: On Encroachment of Land
- Chapter 11: On Construction of Buildings
- Chapter 12: On Husband and Wife
- Chapter 13: On Partition
- Chapter 14: On Women's Share and Property
- Chapter 15: On Adoption
- Chapter 16: On Inheritance
- Chapter 17: On General Transactions
- Chapter 18: On Bailment
- Chapter 19: On Donation and Gift
- Chapter 20: On Insolvency/Bankruptcy
- Chapter 21: On Registration of Deeds
- Chapter 22: On Default of Payment
- Part 4
- Chapter 1: On Forged Document (Forgery)
- Chapter 2: On Looting
- Chapter 3: On Cheating
- Chapter 4: On Theft/Stealing
- Chapter 5: On Arson
- Chapter 6: On Counterfeiting
- Chapter 7: On Quadruped
- Chapter 8: On Illegal Detention
- Chapter 8A: On Kidnapping/Abduction and Hostage Taking
- Chapter 9: On Hurt/Battery
- Chapter 10: On Homicide
- Chapter 11: On Human Trafficking
- Chapter 12: On Medical Treatment
- Chapter 13: On Intention of Sex
- Chapter 14: On Rape
- Chapter 15: On Incest
- Chapter 16: On Bestiality
- Chapter 17: On Marriage
- Chapter 18: On Adultery
- Chapter 19: On Decency/Etiquette
- Part 5
- Repeal
References
- ^ "Landmark legal reform bills passed".
- ^ Nepal Law Commission (8 January 2022). "Laws made by King Sthitiraj Malla in Bikram Era 1436 (Nepal Era 500) NYAYAVIKASINI (Manavanayashastrat)" (PDF). Nepal Law Commission. Retrieved 8 January 2022.
- ^ Khatiwoda, Rajan; Cubelic, Simon; Michaels, Axel; Olivelle, Patrick; Pradhananga, Saubhagya (2021). "The "Mulukī Ain" of 1854". Heidelberg University. doi:10.17885/heiup.769.
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help) - ^ "Landmark legal reform bills passed".
- v
- t
- e