Northern collared lemming
Northern collared lemming | |
---|---|
![]() | |
Conservation status | |
![]() Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1] | |
Scientific classification ![]() | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Mammalia |
Order: | Rodentia |
Family: | Cricetidae |
Subfamily: | Arvicolinae |
Genus: | Dicrostonyx |
Species: | D. groenlandicus |
Binomial name | |
Dicrostonyx groenlandicus (Traill, 1823) | |
![]() | |
Northern collared lemming range (not including the Wrangel lemming)[1] | |
Synonyms | |
kilangmiutak Anderson & Rand, 1945 |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Collared_lemming_lying_on_ground_-_DPLA_-_90c5c1484de4928de9bfc91ef2a07dd8.jpg/220px-Collared_lemming_lying_on_ground_-_DPLA_-_90c5c1484de4928de9bfc91ef2a07dd8.jpg)
The northern collared lemming or Nearctic collared lemming (Dicrostonyx groenlandicus), sometimes called the Peary Land collared lemming in Canada, is a small lemming found in Arctic North America and Wrangel Island. At one time, it was considered to be a subspecies of the Arctic lemming (Dicrostonyx torquatus). Some sources believe several other species of collared lemmings found in North America are actually subspecies of D. groenlandicus.[2]
Description
It has a short chunky body covered with thick grey fur with a thin black stripe along its back and light grey underparts.[citation needed] It has small ears, short legs and a very short tail.[citation needed] It has a pale brown collar across its chest.[citation needed] In winter, its fur turns white, and it has large digging claws on its front feet.[citation needed] It is 14 cm (5.5 in) long with a 1.5 cm (0.59 in) tail and weighs about 40 g (1 oz).[citation needed]
Distribution and habitat
It is found in the tundra of northern Canada, Alaska and Greenland. A disjunct population is also present on Wrangel Island in Siberia; this population was formerly considered its own species, the Wrangel lemming (D. vinogradovi).[3][4][5]
Diet
It feeds on grasses, sedges and other green vegetation in summer, and twigs of willow, aspen and birches in winter.[citation needed]
Predators
Predators include snowy owls, gulls, wolverines, the Arctic fox and the polar bear.[citation needed]
Breeding
Female lemmings have two or three litters of four to eight young in a year. The young are born in a nest in a burrow or concealed in vegetation.[citation needed]
Behaviour
It is active year-round, day and night.[citation needed] It makes runways through the surface vegetation and also digs burrows above the permafrost.[citation needed] It burrows under the snow in winter.[citation needed] Lemming populations go through a three- or four-year cycle of boom and bust.[citation needed] When their population peaks, lemmings disperse from overcrowded areas.[citation needed]
References
- ^ a b Cassola, F. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Dicrostonyx groenlandicus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T42618A115195764. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T42618A22331908.en.
- ^ Musser, G. G.; Carleton, M. D. (2005). "Superfamily Muroidea". In Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 971–972. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
- ^ Gerrie, R. & Kennerley, R. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Dicrostonyx vinogradovi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T6569A115082805. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T6569A22331837.en. Retrieved 2021-09-05.
- ^ "Dicrostonyx groenlandicus (Traill, 1823)". ASM Mammal Diversity Database. American Society of Mammalogists. Retrieved 2021-09-05.
- ^ "The Mammals of Russia: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference". ResearchGate. Retrieved 2021-09-05.
- v
- t
- e
- Kingdom: Animalia
- Phylum: Chordata
- Class: Mammalia
- Infraclass: Eutheria
- Superorder: Euarchontoglires
- Order: Rodentia
- Family: Cricetidae
Arvicola (Water voles) |
|
---|
Alexandromys |
|
---|---|
Chionomys (Snow voles) |
|
Hyperacrius (Voles from Pakistan) |
|
Lasiopodomys |
|
Lemmiscus |
|
Microtus (Voles) |
|
Neodon (Mountain voles) |
|
Proedromys |
|
Stenocranius |
|
Volemys |
|
(Collared lemmings)
Dicrostonyx |
|
---|
(mole voles)
Ellobius (Mole voles) |
|
---|
(Steppe lemmings)
Eolagurus |
|
---|---|
Lagurus |
|
(Lemmings)
Lemmus (True lemmings) |
|
---|---|
Myopus |
|
Synaptomys (Bog lemmings) |
|
Alticola (Voles from Central Asia) |
|
---|---|
Caryomys |
|
Eothenomys (Voles from East Asia) |
|
Clethrionomys (some Red-backed voles) |
|
Craseomys (other Red-backed voles) |
|
Neofiber |
|
---|---|
Ondatra |
|
Dinaromys |
|
---|
Arborimus (Tree voles) |
|
---|---|
Phenacomys (Heather voles) |
|
Prometheomys |
|
---|