Outline of arithmetic
Overview of and topical guide to arithmetic
Arithmetic is an elementary branch of mathematics that is widely used for tasks ranging from simple day-to-day counting to advanced science and business calculations.
Essence of arithmetic
- Elementary arithmetic
- Decimal arithmetic
- Decimal point
- Numeral
- Place value
History of arithmetic
Arithmetic operations and related concepts
- Order of operations
- Addition
- Summation – Answer after adding a sequence of numbers
- Additive inverse
- Subtraction – Taking away numbers
- Multiplication – Repeated addition
- Multiple – Product of multiplication
- Least common multiple
- Multiplicative inverse
- Multiple – Product of multiplication
- Division – Repeated subtraction
- Modulo – The remainder of division
- Quotient – Result of division
- Quotition and partition – How many parts are there, and what is the size of each part
- Fraction – A number that is not whole, often shown as a division equation
- Decimal fraction – Representation of a fraction in the form of a number
- Proper fraction – Fraction with a numerator that is less than the denominator
- Improper fraction – Fractions with a numerator that is any number
- Ratio – Showing how much one number can go into another
- Least common denominator – Least common multiple of two or more fractions' denominators
- Factoring – Breaking a number down into its products
- Fundamental theorem of arithmetic
- Prime number – Number divisible by only 1 or itself
- Composite number – Number made of two smaller integers
- Factor – A number that can be divided from its original number to get a whole number
- Greatest common factor – Greatest factor that is common between two numbers
- Euclid's algorithm for finding greatest common divisors
- Exponentiation (power) – Repeated multiplication
- Square root – Reversal of a power of 2 (exponent of 1/2)
- Cube root – Reversal of a power of 3 (exponent of 1/3)
- Properties of Operations
- Factorial – Multiplication of numbers from the current number to 0
Types of numbers
- Real number
- Odd number
- Even number
- Positive number
- Negative number
- Prime number
- Highly composite number
- Perfect number
- Algebraic number
- Transcendental number
- Hypercomplex number
- Transfinite number
- Indefinite and fictitious numbers
Elementary statistics
Other basic concepts
Modern arithmetic
See also
External links
Arithmetic at Wikipedia's sister projects
Definitions from Wiktionary
Media from Commons
News from Wikinews
Quotations from Wikiquote
Texts from Wikisource
Textbooks from Wikibooks
Resources from Wikiversity
- MathWorld article about arithmetic
- The New Student's Reference Work/Arithmetic (historical)
- Maximus Planudes' the Great Calculation an early western work on arithmetic at Convergence
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