Protein THEMIS

Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
THEMIS
Identifiers
AliasesTHEMIS, C6orf190, C6orf207, GASP, SPOT, TSEPA, bA325O24.3, bA325O24.4, thymocyte selection associated
External IDsOMIM: 613607; MGI: 2443552; HomoloGene: 72287; GeneCards: THEMIS; OMA:THEMIS - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chromosome 6 (human)
Chr.Chromosome 6 (human)[1]
Chromosome 6 (human)
Genomic location for THEMIS
Genomic location for THEMIS
Band6q22.33Start127,708,072 bp[1]
End127,918,631 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse)
Chromosome 10 (mouse)
Chr.Chromosome 10 (mouse)[2]
Chromosome 10 (mouse)
Genomic location for THEMIS
Genomic location for THEMIS
Band10|10 A4Start28,544,356 bp[2]
End28,759,814 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern
Bgee
HumanMouse (ortholog)
Top expressed in
  • lymph node

  • granulocyte

  • testicle

  • appendix

  • blood

  • primary visual cortex

  • epithelium of colon

  • superior frontal gyrus

  • prefrontal cortex

  • tonsil
Top expressed in
  • thymus

  • blood

  • lymph node

  • mesenteric lymph nodes

  • oocyte

  • subcutaneous adipose tissue

  • primary oocyte

  • secondary oocyte

  • spleen

  • zygote
More reference expression data
BioGPS
n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function
  • protein binding
Cellular component
  • cytoplasm
  • COP9 signalosome
  • nucleus
  • cell-cell junction
Biological process
  • multicellular organism development
  • T cell receptor signaling pathway
  • adaptive immune response
  • negative T cell selection
  • positive T cell selection
  • immune system process
Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

387357

210757

Ensembl

ENSG00000275122
ENSG00000172673

ENSMUSG00000049109

UniProt

Q8N1K5

Q8BGW0

RefSeq (mRNA)
NM_001010923
NM_001164685
NM_001164687
NM_001318531
NM_001394520

NM_001394521
NM_001394522

NM_178666
NM_001305663
NM_001374699

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001010923
NP_001158157
NP_001158159
NP_001305460

NP_001292592
NP_848781
NP_001361628

Location (UCSC)Chr 6: 127.71 – 127.92 MbChr 10: 28.54 – 28.76 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Protein THEMIS is a protein encoded by the eponymous THEMIS gene.[5][6][7]

Function

This protein plays a regulatory role in both positive and negative T cell selection during late thymocyte development. The protein functions through T-cell antigen receptor signaling, and is necessary for proper lineage commitment and maturation of T-cells.[8] Changes in THEMIS gene expression due to the rs138300818 variant promote the development of early-onset type 1 diabetes.[9]

Etimology

THEMIS is an acronym for thymocyte-expressed-molecule. Themis is also the name of a Titan in Greek mythology who weighed the fates of humans, an apt choice since the protein is important in deciding the fate of the T cell during development.[10]

References

  1. ^ a b c ENSG00000172673 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000275122, ENSG00000172673 – Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000049109 – Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ Fu G, Vallée S, Rybakin V, McGuire MV, Ampudia J, Brockmeyer C, et al. (August 2009). "Themis controls thymocyte selection through regulation of T cell antigen receptor-mediated signaling". Nature Immunology. 10 (8): 848–856. doi:10.1038/ni.1766. PMC 2757056. PMID 19597499.
  6. ^ Lesourne R, Uehara S, Lee J, Song KD, Li L, Pinkhasov J, et al. (August 2009). "Themis, a T cell-specific protein important for late thymocyte development". Nature Immunology. 10 (8): 840–847. doi:10.1038/ni.1768. PMC 2848698. PMID 19597498.
  7. ^ Johnson AL, Aravind L, Shulzhenko N, Morgun A, Choi SY, Crockford TL, et al. (August 2009). "Themis is a member of a new metazoan gene family and is required for the completion of thymocyte positive selection". Nature Immunology. 10 (8): 831–839. doi:10.1038/ni.1769. PMC 2908989. PMID 19597497.
  8. ^ "Entrez Gene: thymocyte selection associated".
  9. ^ Sandholm N, Rubio García A, Pekalski ML, Inshaw JR, Cutler AJ, Todd JA (August 2022). "Thymocyte regulatory variant alters transcription factor binding and protects from type 1 diabetes in infants". Scientific Reports. 12 (1): 14137. Bibcode:2022NatSR..1214137S. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-18296-4. PMC 9391468. PMID 35986039.
  10. ^ Zielinska E (2009-11-01). "Six degrees of science". The Scientist. Archived from the original on 2009-11-06. Retrieved 2009-11-03.

Further reading

  • Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, Ota T, Nishikawa T, Yamashita R, et al. (January 2006). "Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes". Genome Research. 16 (1): 55–65. doi:10.1101/gr.4039406. PMC 1356129. PMID 16344560.
  • Harrington JJ, Sherf B, Rundlett S, Jackson PD, Perry R, Cain S, et al. (May 2001). "Creation of genome-wide protein expression libraries using random activation of gene expression". Nature Biotechnology. 19 (5): 440–445. doi:10.1038/88107. PMID 11329013. S2CID 25064683.
  • Allen PM (August 2009). "Themis imposes new law and order on positive selection". Nature Immunology. 10 (8): 805–806. doi:10.1038/ni0809-805. PMID 19621038. S2CID 205359914.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.


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