Romanian submarine Delfinul

History
Delfinul submarine in 2008
Romania
Name	Delfinul
Ordered	1984
Builder	Krasnoye Sormovo Factory No. 112
Completed	1985
Commissioned	August 1985
Out of service	1995
Homeport	Constanța
Status	In reserve
General characteristics
Class and type	Kilo-class submarine
Displacement	2,460 t., surfaced 3,180 t., submerged
Length	72.9 m (239 ft 2 in)
Beam	12.8 m (42 ft 0 in)
Draft	14.5 m (47 ft 7 in)
Speed	12 knots (22 km/h; 14 mph), surfaced 20 knots (37 km/h; 23 mph), submerged
Complement	54
Armament	6 × 533 mm (21.0 in) torpedo tubes for guided electric TEST-71 torpedoes, guided 53-65K oxygen-propelled torpedoes 28 naval mines 8 SA-16 Gimlet surface-to-air missiles

Delfinul ('The dolphin') is a Kilo-class submarine of the Romanian Naval Forces.^[1] It was commissioned in August 1985 and is currently the only Romanian submarine in service. Due to a lack of funding the submarine has been inactive since 1995; it is kept in reserve docked in the military sector of the Port of Constanța.^[1]

History

In the early 1980s, the Romanian Naval Forces expressed the need for a submarine to train the anti-submarine vessels of the fleet.^[2] The Chinese government made an offer for six Type 33 submarines, two built in China (one with Romanian workers) and four in Romania.^[1] However, the Type 33 was an obsolete design and the Romanian government decided to purchase Soviet equipment. A Kilo-class submarine was acquired in 1984 for $61.5 million from USSR.^[3] The submarine was built by Krasnoye Sormovo Factory No. 112 in Gorki. The Romanian crew of the submarine was trained in the USSR.^[1] The submarine, christened Delfinul, was delivered in 1985. Another two Kilo-class submarines were planned for purchase, but due to financial reasons, the orders were cancelled.^[4]

Service

The submarine successfully accomplished 67 missions, with 2,000 hours of immersion.^[5] During these missions, Delfinul launched 23 torpedoes and 2 naval mines.^[5] In 1996, the submarine exhausted the resources of the initial batteries and is kept in reserve since then. After 2001, the submarine was transferred to the "Mircea cel Bătrân" Naval Academy, being used as a training ship.^[1]^[5] Numerous overhauling plans have been proposed since 1996, yet none were implemented.^[6]^[7]

Notes

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "Cu submarinul la reparat (Overhauling the submarine)". Jurnalul Național (in Romanian). October 7, 2007. Archived from the original on May 27, 2012. Retrieved March 25, 2012.
^ Almanahul Forțelor Navale 2007, p. 85
^ "Secretele submarinului Delfinul (The secrets of Delfinul submarine)". Adevărul (in Romanian). March 20, 2011. Retrieved March 25, 2012.
^ "Submarinul condamnat să stea la suprafață (The submarine condemned to float on the surface)". România Liberă (in Romanian). April 18, 2009. Archived from the original on June 26, 2010. Retrieved March 25, 2012.
^ ^a ^b ^c Almanahul Forțelor Navale 2007, p. 86
^ "Povestea tristă a submarinului Delfinul (The sad story of Delfinul submarine)". România Liberă (in Romanian). November 29, 2010. Archived from the original on October 6, 2017. Retrieved March 25, 2012.
^ "Submarinului Delfinul i s-au terminat bateriile. Înlocuirea costă 20 de milioane de euro. (Delfinul submarine exhausted the resources of the initial batteries)". Fin.ro (in Romanian). August 14, 2008. Retrieved March 25, 2012.^{[permanent dead link]}

References

***, Almanahul Forțelor Navale 2007, Statul Major al Forțelor Navale, Editura CTEA, București, 2006, ISBN 978-973-7601-96-4

Romanian Naval Forces
Frigates	Regele Ferdinand Regina Maria Mărășești
Corvettes	Admiral Petre Bărbuneanu class Rear-Admiral Eustațiu Sebastian class
Monitors	Smârdan class Mihail Kogălniceanu class

Kilo-class submarines

Soviet and

Russian Navies

Project 877	B-171 B-177 B-187 B-190 B-219 B-224 B-227 B-229 B-248 B-260 Chita B-345 B-354 B-394 Komsomolets Tadjkistana B-401 B-402 B-404 Tyumensky Komsomolets B-405 B-425 B-437 Magnitogorsky Komsomolets B-439 B-445 B-459 B-464 B-468 B-470 B-471 B-494 B-800 B-801 B-806 B-871 B-880 Delfin
Project 636.3	B-237 B-261 Novorossiysk B-262 Stary Oskol B-265 Krasnodar B-268 Veliky Novgorod B-274 Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky B-603 Volkhov B-602 Magadan B-588 Ufa Mozhaysk Yakutsk

Algerian National Navy

Project 877EKM Rajs Hadj Mubarek class	Rais Hadj Mubarek El Hadj Slimane
Project 636M	Messali el Hadj Akram Pacha

People's Liberation Army Navy

Project 877EKM	364 365
Project 636	366 367
Project 636M	368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375

Indian Navy

Project 877EKM Sindhughosh class	Sindhughosh Sindhudhvaj Sindhuraj Sindhuratna Sindhukesari Sindhukirti Sindhuvijay Sindhurakshak Sindhurashtra