Sulfurisphaera

Sulfurisphaera
Scientific classification
Domain:	Archaea
Kingdom:	Proteoarchaeota
Superphylum:	TACK group
Phylum:	Thermoproteota
Class:	Thermoprotei
Order:	Sulfolobales
Family:	Sulfolobaceae
Genus:	Sulfurisphaera Kurosawa et al. 1998
Type species
Sulfurisphaera ohwakuensis Kurosawa et al. 1998
Species
S. javensis S. ohwakuensis S. tokodaii

Sulfurisphaera is a genus of the Sulfolobaceae.

Sulfurisphaera is a facultatively anaerobic, thermophilic, Gram-negative archaeon that occurs in acidic solfataric fields. The organism grows under the temperature range of 63–92 °C with the optimum temperature at 84 °C, and under the pH range of 1.0–5.0, with an optimum of pH 2.0. It forms colonies that are smooth, roundly convex, and slightly yellow.

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) ^[1] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)^[2]

The genome of Sulfurisphaera is yet to be sequenced. The G + C content is estimated to be 30–33%.

The spherical cells of Sulfurisphaera ohwakuensis are 1.2–1.5 μm in diameter. Thin sections of the organism reveal an envelope (approx. 24 nm) surrounding the cell membrane. It grows organotrophically on proteinaceous, complex substrates such as yeast extract, peptone, and tryptone. Growth was not observed on single sugars or amino acids such as D-glucose, D-galactose, D-fructose, D-xylose, lactose, maltose, sucrose, alanine, glutamate, glycine, and histidine.

The strains of Sulfurisphaera ohwakuensis were isolated from multiple locations in the acidic hot springs in Ohwaku Valley, Hakone, Japan.^[2]

• List of Archaea genera

• Kurosawa N; Itoh YH; Iwai T; Sugai A; Uda I; et al. (1998). "Sulfurisphaera ohwakuensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel extremely thermophilic acidophile of the order Sulfolobales". Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 48 (2): 451–456. doi:10.1099/00207713-48-2-451. PMID 9731283.
• Mikkelsen, Deirdre; Kappler, Ulrike; McEwan, Alastair G.; Sly, Lindsay I. (24 February 2009). "Probing the archaeal diversity of a mixed thermophilic bioleaching culture by TGGE and FISH" (PDF). Systematic and Applied Microbiology. 32 (7): 501–513. doi:10.1016/j.syapm.2009.06.001. PMID 19541445.

• Stetter, KO (1989). "Order III. Sulfolobales ord. nov. Family Sulfolobaceae fam. nov.". In JT Staley; MP Bryant; N Pfennig; JG Holt (eds.). Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume 3 (1st ed.). Baltimore: The Williams & Wilkins Co. p. 169. ISBN 0-683-07908-5.

• Sulfurisphaera at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase

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