Tenrecomorpha

Suborder of mammals

Tenrecomorpha

Lowland streaked tenrec (Hemicentetes semispinosus)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Afrosoricida
Suborder:	Tenrecomorpha Butler, 1972^[1]
Superfamilies and Families
Potamogaloidea †Nanogale Potamogalidae Tenrecoidea †Plesiorycteropus Tenrecidae

Tenrecomorpha is the suborder of otter shrews and tenrecs, a group of afrotherian mammals indigenous to equatorial Africa and Madagascar, respectively.^[2]^[3] The two families are thought to have split about 47–53 million years ago.^[3]^[4]^[5] Potamogalid otter shrews were formerly considered a subfamily of Tenrecidae.^[3] The suborder is also presumed to contain the extinct genus Plesiorycteropus, a group of possibly fossorial insectivores similar to aardvarks, which is known to be more closely related to tenrecs of subfamily Tenrecinae than to golden moles of suborder Chrysochloridea.^[6]

Otter shrews are carnivorous and semiaquatic, preying on any aquatic animal they can find with their sensitive whiskers. All tenrecs are believed to descend from a common ancestor that lived 29–37 million years (Ma) ago^[3]^[4]^[5] after rafting from Africa to Madagascar in a single event.^[7]^[8] Tenrecs are widely diverse; as a result of convergent evolution they resemble hedgehogs, shrews, opossums or mice. All tenrecs appear to be at least somewhat omnivorous, with invertebrates forming the largest part of their diets.

References

^ Butler, P. M. (1972). "The problem of insectivore classification". In Joysey, K. A.; Kemp, T. S. (eds.). Studies in Vertebrate Evolution: Essays Presented to F. R. Parrington. Oliver and Boyd. pp. 253–265. ISBN 978-0-05-002131-6.
^ Bronner, G.N.; Jenkins, P.D. (2005). "Order Afrosoricida". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 72–77. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Everson, K. M.; Soarimalala, V.; Goodman, S. M.; Olson, L. E. (2016). "Multiple Loci and Complete Taxonomic Sampling Resolve the Phylogeny and Biogeographic History of Tenrecs (Mammalia: Tenrecidae) and Reveal Higher Speciation Rates in Madagascar's Humid Forests". Systematic Biology. 65 (5): 890–909. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syw034. PMID 27103169.
^ ^a ^b Douady, C. J.; Catzeflis, F.; Kao, D. J.; Springer, M. S.; Stanhope, M. J. (2002). "Molecular Evidence for the Monophyly of Tenrecidae (Mammalia) and the Timing of the Colonization of Madagascar by Malagasy Tenrecs". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 22 (3): 357–363. doi:10.1006/mpev.2001.1055. PMID 11884160.
^ ^a ^b Poux, C.; Madsen, O.; Glos, J.; de Jong, W. W.; Vences, M. (2008). "Molecular phylogeny and divergence times of Malagasy tenrecs: Influence of data partitioning and taxon sampling on dating analyses". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 8 (1): 102. Bibcode:2008BMCEE...8..102P. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-8-102. PMC 2330147. PMID 18377639.
^ Buckley, M. (2013). "A Molecular Phylogeny of Plesiorycteropus Reassigns the Extinct Mammalian Order 'Bibymalagasia'". PLOS ONE. 8 (3): e59614. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...859614B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0059614. PMC 3608660. PMID 23555726.
^ Kinver, M. (2010-01-20). "Mammals 'floated to Madagascar'". BBC News web site. BBC. Retrieved 2010-01-20.
^ Ali, J. R.; Huber, M. (2010-01-20). "Mammalian biodiversity on Madagascar controlled by ocean currents". Nature. 463 (4 Feb. 2010). Nature Publishing Group: 653–656. Bibcode:2010Natur.463..653A. doi:10.1038/nature08706. PMID 20090678. S2CID 4333977.

Extant Afrosoricida species

Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata
Class Mammalia
Infraclass Eutheria
Superorder Afrotheria

Suborder Tenrecomorpha

Potamogalidae

Micropotamogale	Nimba otter shrew (M. lamottei) Ruwenzori otter shrew (M. ruwenzorii)
Potamogale	Giant otter shrew (P. velox)

Tenrecidae
(Tenrecs)

Geogalinae

Geogale	Large-eared tenrec (G. aurita)

Oryzorictinae

Microgale	Short-tailed shrew tenrec (M. brevicaudata) Cowan's shrew tenrec (M. cowani) Drouhard's shrew tenrec (M. drouhardi) Dryad shrew tenrec (M. dryas) Pale shrew tenrec (M. fotsifotsy) Gracile shrew tenrec (M. gracilis) Naked-nosed shrew tenrec (M. gymnorhyncha) Jenkins' shrew tenrec (M. jenkinsae) Northern shrew tenrec (M. jobihely) Lesser long-tailed shrew tenrec (M. longicaudata) Major's long-tailed tenrec (M. majori) Web-footed tenrec (M. mergulus) Montane shrew tenrec (M. monticola) Nasolo's shrew tenrec (M. nasoloi) Pygmy shrew tenrec (M. parvula) Greater long-tailed shrew tenrec (M. principula) Least shrew tenrec (M. pusilla) Shrew-toothed shrew tenrec (M. soricoides) Taiva shrew tenrec (M. taiva) Thomas's shrew tenrec (M. thomasi)
Nesogale	Dobson's shrew tenrec (N. dobsoni) Talazac's shrew tenrec (N. talazaci)
Oryzorictes (Rice tenrecs)	Mole-like rice tenrec (O. hova) Four-toed rice tenrec (O. tetradactylus)

Tenrecinae

Echinops	Lesser hedgehog tenrec (E. telfairi)
Hemicentetes	Highland streaked tenrec (H. nigriceps) Lowland streaked tenrec (H. semispinosus)
Setifer	Greater hedgehog tenrec (S. setosus)
Tenrec	Tailless tenrec (T. ecaudatus)

Suborder Chrysochloridea (golden moles)

Chrysochlorinae

Carpitalpa

Arends's golden mole (C. arendsi)

Chlorotalpa

Duthie's golden mole (C. duthieae)
Sclater's golden mole (C. sclateri)

Chrysochloris

Subgenus Chrysochloris:	Cape golden mole (C. asiatica) Visagie's golden mole (C. visagiei)
Subgenus Kilimatalpa:	Stuhlmann's golden mole (C. stuhlmanni)

Chrysospalax

Giant golden mole (C. trevelyani)
Rough-haired golden mole (C. villosus)

Cryptochloris

De Winton's golden mole (C. wintoni)
Van Zyl's golden mole (C. zyli)

Eremitalpa

Grant's golden mole (E. granti)

Amblysominae

Amblysomus

Fynbos golden mole (A. corriae)
Hottentot golden mole (A. hottentotus)
Marley's golden mole (A. marleyi)
Robust golden mole (A. robustus)
Highveld golden mole (A. septentrionalis)

Calcochloris

Subgenus Huetia:	Congo golden mole (C. leucorhinus)
Subgenus Calcochloris:	Yellow golden mole (C. obtusirostris)
Subgenus incertae sedis:	Somali golden mole (C. tytonis)