The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Windhoek, Namibia. Prior to 20th century - 1840s - Nama Orlam chief Jonker Afrikaner names settlement "Winterhoek"
- 1880 - Nama-Herero conflict; settlement sacked.
- 1890 - German military fort construction begins.[3]
- 1892 - Windhoek designated administrative seat of colonial German South West Africa.[4]
- 1898 - German-language Windhoeker Anzeiger newspaper begins publication.
20th century 1900s - 1901 - Public library founded.
- 1902 - Railway to coast begins operating.
- 1907 - Landesmuseum founded.[6]
- 1909
- Turnhalle built.
- Gustav Voigts [de] becomes mayor.[chronology citation needed]
1910s - 1910
- 1912
- 1913 - Tintenpalast (colonial government building) constructed.
- 1915 - 12 May: Town occupied by South African military during the First World War.[3]
- 1916 - German-language Allgemeine Zeitung (newspaper) begins publication.[8]
1920s 1930s 1940s - 1946 - Population: 14,929.[13]
1950s - 1951 - Population: 20,490.[13]
- 1958 - Library/museum/archives building constructed.
- 1959 - 10 December: Ethnic unrest.
1960s 1970s 1980s - 1981 - Population 96,057[16]
1990s - 1990
- 1991 - Population: 147,056.[19]
- 1992
- 1994
- 1995
21st century 2000s - 2000
- 2001 - Population: 233,529.[22]
- 2002 - Heroes' Acre (Namibia) memorial unveiled near city.
- 2005
- 2006 - City police department established.
- 2007
- 2008 - January: Airplane crash occurs at Eros Airport.
2010s See also References - ^ a b "History of Windhoek". Windhoekcc.org.na. City of Windhoek. Retrieved 30 July 2017.
- ^ "Namibia". Political Chronology of Africa. Political Chronologies of the World. Europa Publications. 2001. ISBN 0203409957.
- ^ "About Us". National Museum of Namibia. Windhoek. Archived from the original on 27 December 2005.
- ^ a b "Interesting Facts About Windhoek". Windhoekcc.org.na. City of Windhoek. Retrieved 30 July 2017.
- ^ a b "Namibia: Directory". Africa South of the Sahara 2003. Regional Surveys of the World. Europa Publications. 2003. ISBN 9781857431315. ISSN 0065-3896.
- ^ "British Empire: Union of South Africa: Protectorate of South-West Africa". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. pp. 239+ – via Internet Archive.
Windhuk - ^ "Why the Name: Windhoek?". 2018-05-23.
- ^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Namibia". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 29 July 2017.
- ^ a b "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1955. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations. pp. 171–184.
South West Africa - ^ "Republic of South Africa: South West Africa", Statesman's Yearbook, London: Macmillan & Co., 1963. via Google Books
- ^ Rogers, Barbara (1972). "Namibia's General Strike". Africa Today. 19 (2): 3–8. ISSN 0001-9887. JSTOR 4185227.
- ^ "Namibia: Regions, Cities & Urban Localities - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information".
- ^ a b Petrus Angula Mbenzi (2009), Management of Place Names in the Post-Colonial Period in Namibia (PDF), United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names, Working Papers
- ^ a b "Namibia: Windhoek". Emporis.com. Hamburg: Emporis GmbH. Archived from the original on July 29, 2017. Retrieved 29 July 2017.
- ^ United Nations Department for Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis, Statistics Division (1997). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1995 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 262–321.
{{cite book}} : |author= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Victor Tonchi; et al. (2012). Historical Dictionary of Namibia (2nd ed.). Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-5398-0.
- ^ "Namibia". World Prison Brief. Birkbeck, University of London. Retrieved 30 July 2017.
- ^ a b "Urban population by Census years (2001 and 2011)", Namibia 2011: Population and Housing Census Main Report, Windhoek: Namibia Statistics Agency
This article incorporates information from the Afrikaans Wikipedia and German Wikipedia. Bibliography Published in the 20th century - "Windhuk". Deutsches Kolonial-Lexikon (in German). 1920 – via Universitätsbibliothek Frankfurt.
- Carl Schlettwein [in German]; Lisa Gebhardt (1975). "Libraries and Archives in South West Africa". Communications from the Basel Africa Bibliography [de]. 13. ISSN 0170-5091.
Windhoek . via Google Books - D. Simon (1983). "Evolution of Windhoek 1890–1980". In C. Saunders (ed.). Perspectives on Namibia: Past and present. University of Cape Town.
- David Simon (1991). "Windhoek". In Anthony Lemon (ed.). Homes Apart: South Africa's Segregated Cities. Indiana University Press. ISBN 0-253-33321-0.
- Sylvy Jaglin (1997). "La commercialisation du service d'eau potable à Windhoek (Namibie): inégalités urbaines et logiques marchandes" (PDF). Flux: Cahiers scientifiques internationaux Réseaux et territoires (in French). 13 (30): 16–29. doi:10.3406/flux.1997.1212. ISSN 1958-9557 – via Persee.fr.
![Free access icon](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png) - Fatima Friedman (2000), Deconstructing Windhoek: The Urban Morphology of a Post-Apartheid City, Bartlett Development Planning Unit Working Papers, University College London, OCLC 50087639
![Free access icon](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png) Published in the 21st century - J.B. Gewald (2002). "Diluting drinks and deepening discontent: colonial liquor controls and public resistance in Windhoek, Namibia". In D.F. Bryceson (ed.). Alcohol in Africa: mixing business, pleasure, and politics. Heinemann. hdl:1887/4835.
![Free access icon](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png) - M. Wallace (2002), Health, Power and Politics in Windhoek, Namibia, 1915–1945, Basel
{{citation}} : CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - T.J. Desch-Obi (2003). "Windhoek, Namibia". In Paul Tiyambe Zeleza; Dickson Eyoh (eds.). Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century African History. Routledge. ISBN 0415234794.
- Christophe Sohn (2004). "A la recherche des frontières dans la ville post-apartheid. Le cas de Windhoek, capitale de la Namibie" [In search of boundaries in the post-apartheid city: the case of Windhoek, capital city of Namibia]. Bulletin de l'Association de géographes français (in French). 81. doi:10.3406/bagf.2004.2413 – via Persee.fr.
![Free access icon](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png) - Otto S. Kamwi (2005). An evaluation of the implementation of affirmative action in Windhoek municipality (MPA). University of Namibia – via UNAM Scholarly Repository.
![Free access icon](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png) - Fatima Müeller-Friedman (2006). "Beyond the Post-Apartheid City: De/Segregation and Suburbanization in Windhoek, Namibia". African Geographical Review. 25 (1): 33. Bibcode:2006AfrGR..25...33M. doi:10.1080/19376812.2006.9756192. S2CID 145722008.
- Bruce Frayne (2007). "Migration and the Changing Social Economy of Windhoek, Namibia". Development Southern Africa. 24.
- J. B. Gewald (2009). "From the Old Location to Bishops Hill: The Politics of Urban Planning and Landscape History in Windhoek, Namibia". In M. Bollig and O. Bubenzer (ed.). African Landscapes: Interdisciplinary Approaches. Springer. ISBN 978-0387786810.
- Roman A. Cybriwsky (2013). "Windhoek". Capital Cities around the World: An Encyclopedia of Geography, History, and Culture. ABC-CLIO. p. 337+. ISBN 978-1-61069-248-9.
- Henning Melber (2016). "Revisiting the Windhoek Old Location". BAB Working Papers (3). Basler Afrika Bibliographien. ISSN 1422-8769.
![Free access icon](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png) - "Mayoral Annual Report 2016". Windhoekcc.org.na. City of Windhoek.
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