Tongwe language
Bantu languages of Tanzania
Tongwe | |
---|---|
Bende | |
Native to | Tanzania |
Native speakers | (40,000 cited 1999–2001)[1] |
Language family | Niger–Congo?
|
Dialects |
|
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | Either:tny – Tongwebdp – Bende |
Glottolog | tong1320 Tongwebend1258 Bende |
F.10 (F.11–12) [2] | |
ELP | Bende |
Tongwe (Sitongwe) and Bende (Sibende) constitute a clade of Bantu languages coded Zone F.10 in Guthrie's classification. According to Nurse & Philippson (2003),[3] they form a valid node. Indeed, at 90% lexical similarity they may be dialects of a single language.
Phonology
Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plosive | p b | t d | c ɟ | k g | |
Fricative | f | s z | h | ||
Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | |
Approximant | w | j |
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
High | i iː | u uː | |
Mid | e eː | o oː | |
Low | a ã aː |
Additionally, Bende has four tones;[4] high, low, rising, and falling.
References
- ^ Tongwe at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Bende at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required) - ^ Jouni Filip Maho, 2009. New Updated Guthrie List Online
- ^ Nurse, Derek; Philippson, Gérard, eds. (2003). The Bantu languages. London: Routledge. ISBN 9780700711345.
- ^ a b c Abe, Yuko (2006). "A Bende Vocabulary". Bantu Vocabulary Series (13). Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA), Tokyo University of Foreign Studies.
[1]
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Narrow Bantu languages (Zones E–H) (by Guthrie classification)
[J]E10 | |
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[J]E20 | |
[J]E30 | |
[J]E40 | |
E50 | |
E60 | |
E70 |
F10 |
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[J]F20 | |
F30 |
G10 | |
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G20 | |
G30 | |
G40 | |
G50 | |
G60 |
H10 |
|
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H20 | |
H30 | |
H40 |
- Italics indicate extinct languages.
- Languages between parentheses are varieties of the language on their left.
- The Guthrie classification is geographic and its groupings do not imply a relationship between the languages within them.
- Narrow Bantu languages by Guthrie classification zone templates
- Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones A–B)
- Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones C–D)
- Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones E–H)
- Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones J–M)
- Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones N–S)
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- v
- t
- e
- ^ Bende Wordlist