Indeks Kebebasan Akhbar
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Press_freedom_2023.svg/400px-Press_freedom_2023.svg.png)
Indeks Kebebasan Akhbar adalah kedudukan tahunan negara-negara yang disusun dan diterbitkan oleh Wartawan Tanpa Sempadan berdasarkan penilaian organisasi pada catatan kebebasan akhbar mereka. Negara-negara kecil, seperti Andorra, adalah dikecualikan daripada laporan ini. Indeks 2010 telah diterbitkan pada 20 Oktober 2010.
Laporan ini adalah berdasarkan kepada soal selidik[2] dihantar kepada organisasi rakan kongsi Wartawan Tanpa Sempadan (14 kebebasan kumpulan ungkapan di lima benua) dan 130 wartawan di seluruh dunia, serta kepada wartawan, penyelidik, ulama dan aktivis hak asasi manusia.[3]
Kaji selidik itu bertanya soalan mengenai serangan langsung terhadap wartawan dan media serta lain-lain sumber secara tidak langsung tekanan terhadap media bebas. Wartawan Tanpa Sempadan berhati-hati untuk ambil perhatian bahawa indeks hanya memperkatakan kebebasan akhbar, dan tidak mengukur kualiti kewartawanan. Oleh kerana sifat metodologi kajian berdasarkan persepsi individu, terdapat sering luas kontras dalam ranking negara dari setahun ke setahun.
Perihal
Indeks Kebebasan Akhbar Dunia (WPFI) ialah kedudukan tahunan negara yang disusun dan diterbitkan oleh Reporters Without Borders (RSF) sejak 2002 berdasarkan penilaian organisasi itu sendiri terhadap rekod Kebebasan akhbar negara pada tahun sebelumnya. Ia berhasrat untuk menggambarkan tahap kebebasan yang dimiliki oleh wartawan, organisasi berita dan netizen di setiap negara, dan usaha yang dilakukan oleh pihak berkuasa untuk menghormati kebebasan ini. Reporters Without Borders berhati-hati untuk mengambil perhatian bahawa WPFI hanya berurusan dengan kebebasan akhbar dan tidak mengukur kualiti kewartawanan di negara yang dinilainya, dan juga tidak melihat pelanggaran hak asasi manusia secara umum.[4]
Versi Tahun Sebelumnya
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Reporters_Without_Borders_2009_Press_Freedom_Rankings_Map.svg/400px-Reporters_Without_Borders_2009_Press_Freedom_Rankings_Map.svg.png)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/PFI_2010.png/400px-PFI_2010.png)
Metodologi
WPFI sebahagiannya berdasarkan soal selidik[5] menggunakan tujuh kriteria umum: pluralisme (mengukur tahap perwakilan pendapat dalam ruang media), kebebasan media, persekitaran dan penapisan diri, rangka kerja perundangan, ketelusan, infrastruktur dan penyalahgunaan. Soal selidik mengambil kira rangka kerja undang-undang untuk media (termasuk penalti bagi kesalahan akhbar, kewujudan monopoli negeri untuk jenis media tertentu dan cara media dikawal selia) dan tahap kebebasan media awam. Ia juga termasuk pelanggaran aliran bebas maklumat di Internet.
Keganasan terhadap wartawan, netizen dan pembantu media, termasuk penderaan yang boleh dikaitkan dengan kerajaan, militia bersenjata, pertubuhan sulit atau kumpulan pendesak, dipantau oleh kakitangan RSF sepanjang tahun dan juga merupakan sebahagian daripada markah akhir. Skor yang lebih kecil pada laporan sepadan dengan kebebasan akhbar yang lebih besar seperti yang dilaporkan oleh organisasi. Soal selidik dihantar kepada organisasi rakan kongsi Reporters Without Borders: 18 kebebasan bersuara pertubuhan bukan kerajaan yang terletak di lima benua, 150 wartawannya di seluruh dunia dan wartawan, penyelidik, ahli perundangan dan aktivis hak asasi manusia.[4]
Metodologi untuk WPFI telah berubah secara mendadak pada tahun 2022 daripada metodologi yang digunakan dari 2013–2021, dan ambang untuk setiap pengkategorian telah dianjakkan dengan sewajarnya.[6]
Kedudukan dan markah mengikut negara
Negara diletakkan pada skala dari 0–100 mata.
Negara | 2023 [7] | 2022 [8] | 2021 [9] | 2020 [10] | 2019 [11] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
![]() | (001) 95.18 | (001) 92.65 | (001) 93.28 | (001) 92.16 | (001) 92.18 |
![]() | (002) 89.91 | (006) 88.3 | (012) 88.09 | (013) 87.40 | (015) 85.00 |
![]() | (003) 89.48 | (002) 90.27 | (004) 91.43 | (003) 91.87 | (005) 90.13 |
![]() | (004) 88.15 | (003) 88.84 | (003) 92.76 | (004) 90.75 | (003) 91.69 |
![]() | (005) 87.94 | (005) 88.42 | (002) 93.01 | (002) 92.07 | (002) 92.10 |
![]() | (006) 87.00 | (028) 77.93 | (006) 90.33 | (005) 90.04 | (004) 91.37 |
![]() | (007) 86.79 | (009) 84.14 | (028) 79.95 | (028) 78.81 | (030) 77.94 |
![]() | (008) 85.31 | (004) 88.83 | (015) 84.75 | (014) 87.39 | (011) 87.73 |
![]() | (009) 84.60 | (007) 87.07 | (009) 89.89 | (010) 88.17 | (012) 87.37 |
![]() | (010) 84.49 | (017) 81.89 | (071) 70.89 | (078) 70.10 | (084) 70.07 |
![]() | (011) 84.47 | (010) 84.03 | (023) 80.51 | (024) 80.48 | (026) 79.51 |
![]() | (012) 84.40 | (014) 82.72 | (010) 89.45 | (008) 89.38 | (006) 89.48 |
![]() | (013) 84.23 | (011) 83.54 | (008) 89.96 | (009) 89.31 | (007) 89.25 |
![]() | (014) 83.58 | (020) 80.54 | (040) 76.62 | (040) 76.43 | (040) 75.11 |
![]() | (015) 83.53 | (019) 81.74 | (013) 84.75 | (016) 84.71 | (018) 84.31 |
![]() | (016) 83.27 | (022) 79.17 | (022) 80.74 | (022) 81.44 | (024) 80.47 |
![]() | (017) 83.22 | (027) 78.37 | (035) 76.98 | (033) 77.33 | (035) 76.42 |
![]() | (018) 83.19 | (015) 82.69 | (016) 84.63 | (015) 84.88 | (014) 85.29 |
![]() | (019) 82.15 | (045) 71.39 | (021) 80.76 | (021) 81.75 | (022) 81.75 |
![]() | (020) 81.98 | (021) 79.81 | (020) 82.44 | (017) 84.54 | (017) 84.34 |
![]() | (021) 81.91 | (016) 82.04 | (013) 84.76 | (011) 87.84 | (013) 85.40 |
![]() | (022) 80.91 | (018) 81.84 | (024) 80.28 | (023) 80.75 | (023) 81.05 |
![]() | (023) 82.30 | (008) 85.92 | (005) 91.24 | (007) 89.47 | (010) 87.76 |
![]() | (024) 78.72 | (026) 78.53 | (034) 77.4 | (034) 77.08 | (032) 77.79 |
![]() | (025) 78.60 | (035) 75.56 | (032) 78.41 | (031) 77.59 | (031) 77.81 |
![]() | (026) 78.51 | (024) 78.71 | (033) 78.41 | (035) 77.07 | (033) 77.77 |
![]() | (027) 78.24 | (039) 73.77 | (025) 80.21 | (026) 79.79 | (021) 83.45 |
![]() | (028) 77.62 | (040) 73.47 | (089) 68.39 | (091) 68.84 | (091) 68.79 |
![]() | (029) 77.30 | (031) 76.74 | (017) 83.66 | (018) 84.22 | (016) 84.67 |
![]() | (030) 76.54 | (025) 78.68 | (031) 78.45 | (036) 76.78 | (039) 75.26 |
![]() | (031) 76.47 | (023) 78.86 | (011) 88.31 | (012) 87.43 | (009) 87.93 |
![]() | (032) 75.89 | (012) 83.35 | (007) 90.04 | (006) 89.49 | (008) 88.87 |
![]() | (033) 75.72 | (036) 75.37 | (027) 79.91 | (025) 79.85 | (025) 80.19 |
![]() | (034) 75.71 | (013) 83.33 | (052) 74.34 | (063) 71.34 | (069) 70.59 |
![]() | (035) 75.54 | (038) 74.08 | (043) 76.14 | (043) 76.24 | (042) 75.02 |
![]() | (036) 75.37 | (032) 76.71 | (029) 79.56 | (029) 77.84 | (029) 78.01 |
![]() | (037) 75.05 | (053) 68.79 | (039) 76.68 | (037) 76.77 | (037) 75.37 |
![]() | (038) 74.35 | (057) 68.44 | (090) 68.33 | (092) 68.72 | (095) 68.34 |
![]() | (039) 74.28 | (063) 66.54 | (104) 65.67 | (105) 66.17 | (104) 67.26 |
![]() | (040) 73.36 | (029) 77.28 | (069) 71.01 | (064) 71.22 | (057) 71.70 |
![]() | (041) 72.05 | (058) 68.16 | (041) 76.61 | (041) 76.31 | (043) 75.02 |
![]() | (042) 71.95 | (048) 70.42 | (056) 72.05 | (059) 71.49 | (064) 70.97 |
![]() | (043) 71.88 | (030) 76.9 | (050) 74.4 | (055) 72.10 | (055) 72.10 |
![]() | (044) 71.29 | (049) 69.74 | (046) 75.41 | (050) 72.73 | (045) 74.59 |
![]() | (045) 71.22 | (042) 72.74 | (044) 76.07 | (045) 76.15 | (048) 74.31 |
![]() | (046) 71.06 | (050) 69.25 | (085) 69.24 | (087) 69.38 | (092) 68.65 |
![]() | (047) 70.83 | (043) 72.11 | (042) 76.57 | (042) 76.30 | (041) 75.06 |
![]() | (048) 70.62 | (052) 68.95 | (019) 83.05 | (020) 82.50 | (020) 83.62 |
![]() | (048) 70.61 | (051) 68.97 | (063) 71.17 | (061) 71.40 | (061) 71.02 |
![]() | (050) 70.59 | (054) 68.54 | (036) 76.9 | (032) 77.36 | (034) 77.69 |
![]() | (051) 70.49 | (047) 70.67 | (053) 72.39 | (053) 72.50 | (053) 72.50 |
![]() | (052) 70.33 | (044) 72.03 | (018) 83.62 | (019) 84.21 | (019) 83.94 |
![]() | (053) 69.04 | (056) 68.46 | (048) 75.09 | (048) 74.09 | (047) 74.33 |
![]() | (054) 68.83 | (037) 74.46 | (066) 71.13 | (068) 71.06 | (071) 70.48 |
![]() | (055) 68.62 | (065) 65.97 | (026) 80.15 | (027) 79.55 | (028) 78.26 |
![]() | (056) 68.38 | (061) 67 | (078) 69.68 | (070) 70.67 | (075) 70.32 |
![]() | (057) 67.66 | (066) 65.64 | (064) 71.16 | (062) 71.35 | (059) 71.11 |
![]() | (058) 67.64 | (041) 73.12 | (037) 76.83 | (038) 76.53 | (036) 75.47 |
![]() | (059) 67.62 | (062) 66.66 | (047) 75.12 | (046) 76.07 | (038) 75.30 |
![]() | (060) 67.50 | (034) 76.41 | (051) 74.39 | (049) 73.37 | (051) 73.37 |
![]() | (061) 66.84 | (059) 67.8 | (059) 71.56 | (057) 71.75 | (066) 70.74 |
![]() | (062) 65.93 | (060) 67.43 | (030) 78.67 | (030) 77.74 | (027) 79.19 |
![]() | (063) 65.56 | (064) 66.07 | (061) 71.26 | (056) 72.00 | (058) 71.54 |
![]() | (064) 65.43 | (067) 65.64 | (058) 71.66 | (058) 71.49 | (063) 70.98 |
![]() | (065) 64.61 | (095) 58.49 | (038) 76.75 | (039) 76.44 | (044) 74.91 |
![]() | (066) 64.34 | (075) 62.77 | (098) 66.64 | (095) 67.75 | (093) 68.51 |
![]() | (067) 64.29 | (088) 59.39 | (088) 68.30 | (086) 69.55 | (078) 70.26 |
![]() | (068) 63.95 | (071) 64.37 | (067) 71.12 | (066) 71.14 | (067) 70.64 |
![]() | (069) 63.67 | (074) 62.78 | (077) 70.06 | (076) 70.22 | (079) 70.22 |
![]() | (070) 63.06 | (100) 57.17 | (074) 70.41 | (071) 70.67 | (076) 70.31 |
![]() | (071) 62.98 | (091) 59.12 | (112) 62.71 | (111) 64.94 | (111) 64.89 |
![]() | (072) 62.96 | (085) 59.8 | (092) 68.24 | (089) 69.16 | (087) 69.56 |
![]() | (073) 62.83 | (113) 51.55 | (119) 60.53 | (101) 66.88 | (123) 63.26 |
![]() | (074) 62.55 | (046) 71.03 | (075) 70.39 | (085) 69.72 | (086) 69.64 |
![]() | (075) 62.25 | (083) 60.16 | (084) 69.35 | (075) 70.23 | (056) 72.09 |
![]() | (076) 61.73 | (081) 61.08 | (076) 70.18 | (077) 70.21 | (074) 70.33 |
![]() | (077) 61.69 | (089) 59.3 | (060) 71.36 | (060) 71.41 | (060) 71.02 |
![]() | (078) 61.57 | (092) 58.79 | (095) 67.32 | (094) 67.94 | (089) 69.05 |
![]() | (079) 61.19 | (106) 55.76 | (097) 67.04 | (096) 67.48 | (102) 67.54 |
![]() | (080) 60.51 | (068) 64.61 | (096) 67.17 | (098) 67.38 | (097) 68.12 |
![]() | (081) 60.42 | (093) 58.64 | (118) 61.17 | (118) 63.44 | (117) 63.96 |
![]() | (082) 60.34 | (080) 61.4 | (062) 71.2 | (069) 70.68 | (068) 70.64 |
![]() | (083) 60.09 | (082) 60.61 | (054) 72.11 | (051) 72.69 | (046) 74.35 |
![]() | (084) 59.76 | (078) 61.55 | (081) 69.54 | (081) 69.84 | (077) 70.26 |
![]() | (085) 59.51 | (084) 59.82 | (109) 64.58 | (110) 65.66 | (107) 66.51 |
![]() | (086) 59.45 | (097) 58.1 | (094) 67.75 | (097) 67.46 | (094) 68.35 |
![]() | (087) 59.41 | (109) 55.4 | (115) 61.79 | (120) 63.00 | (119) 63.62 |
![]() | (088) 59.33 | (090) 59.17 | (068) 71.03 | (073) 70.39 | (070) 70.49 |
![]() | (089) 59.27 | (102) 56.91 | (055) 72.08 | (052) 72.59 | (052) 72.82 |
![]() | (090) 59.25 | (033) 76.46 | (065) 71.14 | (067) 71.10 | (080) 70.19 |
![]() | (091) 59.16 | (079) 61.51 | (093) 67.97 | (093) 68.38 | (090) 68.82 |
![]() | (092) 58.67 | (110) 55.36 | (111) 63.75 | (107) 65.95 | (105) 67.21 |
![]() | (093) 58.36 | (055) 68.49 | (045) 76.02 | (044) 76.22 | (050) 73.96 |
![]() | (094) 58.12 | (105) 56 | (117) 61.4 | (121) 62.80 | (115) 64.40 |
![]() | (095) 57.89 | (076) 62.67 | (106) 65.38 | (112) 64.90 | (106) 66.60 |
![]() | (096) 57.86 | (103) 56.41 | (083) 69.41 | (084) 69.75 | (082) 70.16 |
![]() | (097) 57.57 | (086) 59.62 | (086) 69.1 | (088) 69.16 | (088) 69.20 |
![]() | (098) 57.56 | (101) 56.96 | (126) 58.08 | (132) 57.13 | (145) 52.73 |
![]() | (099) 57.38 | (070) 64.55 | (087) 68.88 | (083) 69.80 | (062) 71.00 |
![]() | (100) 56.93 | (087) 59.55 | (072) 70.87 | (079) 70.07 | (098) 67.84 |
![]() | (101) 56.66 | (098) 58.02 | (057) 71.76 | (054) 72.32 | (054) 72.24 |
![]() | (102) 56.13 | (116) 49.89 | (108) 64.61 | (104) 66.21 | (103) 67.34 |
![]() | (103) 55.96 | (096) 58.36 | (100) 66.48 | (100) 67.03 | (099) 67.60 |
![]() | (104) 55.82 | (073) 63.07 | (049) 74.78 | (047) 76.01 | (049) 74.19 |
![]() | (105) 55.28 | (119) 49.03 | (128) 57.4 | (129) 57.49 | (128) 57.49 |
![]() | (106) 55.24 | (115) 50.15 | (137) 54.78 | (140) 55.06 | (136) 55.90 |
![]() | (107) 55.20 | (108) 55.52 | (070) 70.99 | (065) 71.20 | (065) 70.92 |
![]() | (108) 54.83 | (117) 49.27 | (113) 62.6 | (119) 63.18 | (124) 63.23 |
![]() | (109) 53.73 | (104) 56.18 | (123) 59.8 | (123) 60.30 | (122) 63.29 |
![]() | (110) 52.74 | (077) 61.75 | (091) 68.29 | (090) 69.06 | (085) 69.78 |
![]() | (111) 52.66 | (131) 46.42 | (141) 53.66 | (141) 54.85 | (147) 50.91 |
![]() | (112) 52.44 | (121) 48.39 | (114) 61.82 | (113) 64.89 | (096) 68.26 |
![]() | (113) 52.29 | (111) 54.48 | (099) 66.5 | (108) 65.88 | (112) 64.77 |
![]() | (114) 52.14 | (107) 55.74 | (147) 52.43 | (160) 44.67 | (159) 47.11 |
![]() | (115) 51.36 | (112) 54.09 | (082) 69.51 | (074) 70.30 | (081) 70.19 |
![]() | (116) 51.15 | (069) 64.59 | (102) 66.35 | (103) 66.28 | (100) 67.56 |
![]() | (117) 51.09 | (126) 47.58 | (110) 64.53 | (114) 64.63 | (113) 64.62 |
![]() | (118) 50.62 | (128) 47.06 | (139) 54.22 | (138) 55.51 | (139) 54.35 |
![]() | (119) 50.46 | (130) 46.58 | (107) 65.07 | (102) 66.81 | (101) 67.56 |
![]() | (120) 50.35 | (141) 43.96 | (164) 44.33 | (165) 43.62 | (165) 41.65 |
![]() | (121) 50.11 | (094) 58.49 | (073) 70.47 | (072) 70.55 | (072) 70.39 |
![]() | (122) 49.91 | (072) 64.25 | (079) 69.63 | (082) 69.81 | (083) 70.08 |
![]() | (123) 49.56 | (129) 46.79 | (120) 60.31 | (115) 64.37 | (120) 63.50 |
![]() | (124) 48.55 | (125) 47.66 | (149) 51.41 | (150) 50.91 | (154) 48.29 |
![]() | (125) 48.30 | (099) 57.17 | (103) 65.94 | (106) 66.08 | (109) 65.04 |
![]() | (126) 48.17 | (137) 44.94 | (130) 56.88 | (126) 59.05 | (127) 57.77 |
![]() | (127) 48.12 | (124) 47.94 | (116) 61.55 | (116) 64.26 | (116) 64.06 |
![]() | (128) 47.98 | (127) 47.57 | (143) 53.29 | (143) 54.55 | (144) 53.22 |
![]() | (129) 47.88 | (139) 44.23 | (160) 44.8 | (158) 44.77 | (151) 48.59 |
![]() | (130) 47.70 | (114) 50.53 | (101) 66.37 | (099) 67.18 | (110) 64.89 |
![]() | (131) 46.58 | (136) 45.18 | (156) 49.34 | (155) 49.66 | (155) 47.57 |
![]() | (132) 46.21 | (147) 41.84 | (138) 54.36 | (136) 56.46 | (134) 56.09 |
![]() | (133) 46.08 | (132) 46.35 | (125) 58.81 | (125) 59.05 | (125) 60.58 |
![]() | (134) 45.87 | (122) 48.28 | (155) 49.72 | (157) 45.89 | (158) 47.18 |
![]() | (135) 45.85 | (146) 42.13 | (127) 57.8 | (127) 58.06 | (126) 60.39 |
![]() | (136) 45.74 | (134) 45.53 | (146) 52.74 | (146) 54.48 | (141) 54.25 |
![]() | (137) 45.73 | (133) 46.35 | (157) 49.26 | (156) 46.93 | (160) 46.48 |
![]() | (138) 45.58 | (118) 49.1 | (135) 56.22 | (134) 56.72 | (131) 56.68 |
![]() | (139) 45.32 | (145) 42.43 | (134) 56.26 | (130) 57.34 | (129) 57.18 |
![]() | (140) 44.86 | (148) 41.64 | (080) 69.56 | (080) 69.99 | (073) 70.35 |
![]() | (141) 44.24 | (140) 44.01 | (161) 44.53 | (163) 44.55 | (164) 42.76 |
![]() | (142) 44.20 | (144) 42.53 | (154) 50.09 | (152) 50.35 | (152) 48.52 |
![]() | (143) 44.02 | (123) 48.28 | (124) 59.31 | (124) 59.75 | (118) 63.72 |
![]() | (144) 43.69 | (135) 45.42 | (136) 56.06 | (133) 57.12 | (135) 56.02 |
![]() | (145) 42.99 | (138) 44.46 | (131) 56.87 | (131) 57.31 | (133) 56.37 |
![]() | (146) 42.79 | (120) 48.66 | (129) 57.11 | (128) 57.92 | (130) 56.89 |
![]() | (147) 42.02 | (142) 43.48 | (144) 53.16 | (144) 54.54 | (143) 54.10 |
![]() | (148) 40.83 | (151) 40.96 | (159) 47.07 | (159) 44.67 | (175) 27.55 |
![]() | (149) 40.22 | (143) 43.16 | (165) 44.27 | (164) 44.23 | (162) 44.23 |
![]() | (150) 39.95 | (157) 37.99 | (145) 53.14 | (145) 54.48 | (142) 54.17 |
![]() | (151) 39.93 | (154) 39.4 | (167) 41.23 | (168) 41.52 | (166) 40.87 |
![]() | (152) 39.75 | (156) 38.27 | (122) 59.81 | (122) 62.30 | (121) 63.45 |
![]() | (153) 39.06 | (152) 40.26 | (162) 44.48 | (161) 44.66 | (161) 45.98 |
![]() | (154) 38.84 | (158) 37.87 | (105) 65.64 | (109) 65.70 | (108) 66.14 |
![]() | (155) 37.87 | (163) 35.99 | (133) 56.63 | (135) 56.58 | (132) 56.58 |
![]() | (156) 37.86 | (170) 28.98 | (132) 56.82 | (137) 55.91 | (137) 55.32 |
![]() | (157) 37.17 | (153) 39.62 | (158) 49.18 | (153) 50.25 | (153) 48.34 |
![]() | (158) 37.09 | (160) 37.09 | (121) 60.02 | (117) 64.19 | (114) 64.47 |
![]() | (159) 36.99 | (159) 37.78 | (148) 52.4 | (147) 54.34 | (148) 50.90 |
![]() | (160) 36.66 | (161) 36.64 | (172) 29.44 | (172) 35.72 | (171) 35.51 |
![]() | (161) 36.62 | (150) 41 | (142) 53.44 | (142) 54.67 | (140) 54.33 |
![]() | (162) 35.87 | (164) 35.75 | (176) 21.38 | (176) 23.27 | (173) 28.64 |
![]() | (163) 35.31 | (162) 36.63 | (152) 50.29 | (151) 50.63 | (150) 49.26 |
![]() | (164) 34.77 | (155) 38.82 | (150) 51.29 | (149) 51.08 | (149) 49.69 |
![]() | (165) 33.97 | (149) 41.25 | (153) 50.21 | (154) 49.98 | (157) 47.19 |
![]() | (166) 33.37 | (168) 30.23 | (166) 43.83 | (166) 43.18 | (163) 43.53 |
![]() | (167) 32.94 | (172) 28.59 | (163) 44.43 | (162) 44.63 | (156) 47.40 |
![]() | (168) 32.78 | (169) 29.14 | (169) 37.65 | (167) 41.75 | (168) 38.34 |
![]() | (169) 32.65 | (165) 34.61 | (151) 50.65 | (148) 51.80 | (146) 51.47 |
![]() | (170) 32.43 | (166) 33.71 | (170) 37.27 | (170) 37.86 | (172) 34.12 |
![]() | (171) 30.59 | (167) 30.97 | (168) 38.9 | (169) 39.87 | (167) 38.69 |
![]() | (172) 29.00 | (173) 27.32 | (171) 36.06 | (171) 36.19 | (169) 36.19 |
![]() | (173) 28.26 | (176) 25.03 | (140) 53.86 | (139) 55.23 | (138) 55.08 |
![]() | (174) 27.86 | (179) 19.62 | (180) 18.55 | (178) 16.50 | (178) 19.74 |
![]() | (175) 27.22 | (171) 28.94 | (173) 29.37 | (174) 27.43 | (174) 28.22 |
![]() | (176) 25.82 | (177) 25.01 | (178) 19.97 | (179) 14.56 | (180) 14.56 |
![]() | (177) 24.81 | (178) 23.22 | (174) 27.3 | (173) 35.19 | (170) 35.59 |
![]() | (178) 24.58 | (174) 26.11 | (175) 21.54 | (175) 25.29 | (176) 25.07 |
![]() | (179) 22.97 | (175) 25.17 | (177) 21.28 | (177) 21.52 | (177) 21.08 |
![]() | (180) 21.72 | (180) 13.92 | (179) 18.72 | (180) 14.18 | (179) 16.60 |
Lihat juga
Rujukan
- ^ "2023 World Press Freedom Index". Reporters Without Borders. 2023.
- ^ Reporters Without Borders. Questionnaire for compiling the 2009 Press Freedom Index
- ^ Reporters Without Borders. How the index was compiled
- ^ a b How the index was compiled Diarkibkan 19 Ogos 2013 di Wayback Machine, Reporters Without Borders, 2013
- ^ 2022 World Press Freedom Index, Methodology Reporters Without Borders, 2022
- ^ Reporters Without Borders (2022). "2022 World Press Freedom Index, Methodology". RSF.org.
- ^ "Index 2023 – Global score". Reporters Without Borders. Dicapai pada 3 May 2023.
- ^ "Index 2022 – Global score". Reporters Without Borders.
- ^ "Index 2021 – Global score". Reporters Without Borders.
- ^ "Index 2020 – Global score". Reporters Without Borders.
- ^ "Index 2019 – Global score". Reporters Without Borders. Dicapai pada 16 August 2022.
Rujukan Lainnya
- Malaysia jumps 40 places to 73rd in press freedom index
- Malaysia leaps 40 spots in press freedom ranking
- NGO: Malaysia ranked 73rd in World Press Freedom Index 2023
- Malaysia ranked 73rd in World Press Freedom Index 2023, says RSF
- RSF: Malaysia ranked 73rd in World Press Freedom Index 2023
- Japan ranks 68th in World Press Freedom Index, lowest in G-7
- Hong Kong ranks 140th on 2023 int’l RSF press freedom index below Colombia, Cameroon
- China, Russia fall further down World Press Freedom Index
- India slips to 161 on World Press Freedom Index; media associations voice concern
- India slips in World Press Freedom Index, ranks 161 out of 180 countries
- World Press Freedom Index 2023: India ranks 161 out of 180 countries...
Pautan luar
- RSF Index
- Reporters Without Borders. Worldwide press freedom index 2002.
- Reporters Without Borders. Worldwide press freedom index 2003 Diarkibkan 2012-02-07 di Wayback Machine.
- Reporters Without Borders. Worldwide press freedom index 2004 Diarkibkan 2012-02-07 di Wayback Machine.
- Reporters Without Borders. Worldwide press freedom index 2005 Diarkibkan 2012-01-19 di Wayback Machine.
- Reporters Without Borders. Worldwide press freedom index 2006 Diarkibkan 2012-02-07 di Wayback Machine.
- Reporters Without Borders. Worldwide press freedom index 2007 Diarkibkan 2012-02-07 di Wayback Machine.
- Reporters Without Borders. Worldwide press freedom index 2008 Diarkibkan 2012-01-28 di Wayback Machine.
- Reporters Without Borders. Worldwide press freedom index 2009 Diarkibkan 2012-01-28 di Wayback Machine.
- Reporters Without Borders. Worldwide press freedom index 2010 Diarkibkan 2010-11-24 di Wayback Machine.