Borenore Caves
- 9,000 years ago – Wiradjuri
- 1830 – John Henderson
Borenore Karst Conservation Reserve New South Wales | |
---|---|
IUCN category III (natural monument or feature) | |
33°14′56″S 148°56′6″E / 33.24889°S 148.93500°E / -33.24889; 148.93500 | |
Established | December 1997 (1997-12) |
Area | 1.36 km2 (0.5 sq mi)[2] |
Managing authorities |
|
Website | Borenore Karst Conservation Reserve |
See also | Protected areas of New South Wales |
The Borenore Caves, contained within the Borenore Karst Conservation Reserve, are a series of limestone caves that are located in the Central West region of New South Wales, Australia. The caves are renowned for their karst qualities, namely the numerous fossils from a long-lived reef complex from the Silurian period. Fossils include corals, crinoids, brachiopods, gastropods, pentamerids, colonial tryplasmids and trilobites. Borenore's karst is surrounded by igneous rock that flowed from volcanic eruptions at nearby Mount Canobolas.[1]
The 136-hectare (340-acre) reserve is situated 17 kilometres (11 mi) west of Orange, and is registered as a natural heritage site on the Register of the National Estate for its large diversity of karst morphological and sedimentological features.[1] Camping in the reserve is not permitted.
Features and location
Access is self-guided and suitable for casual visitors. Entry to the reserve is free.
The reserve contains over forty caves, including:
- Arch Cave[3]
- Tunnel Cave – a long, dark passage, about 110 metres (360 ft) long, which emerges from the base of a large hill. The sink hole is about 30 metres (98 ft) higher than the entrance at the bottom of the hill.[4] The Tunnel Cave is closed from May to October each year so that a colony of Eastern bent-winged bats, which hibernate there, are left undisturbed.[5]
- Verandah Cave
Mining
The caves are also notable as a source of Borenore Red marble early in the twentieth century, which was mined in the area until 1994. Borenore Red marble may be found in The Strand Arcade and in Buckingham Palace. Around 1898, while enjoying a picnic at Borenore, Peter Rusconi and his sons Joe and Frank Rusconi, monumental stonemasons from Italy, recognised the rich quality of the marble on the reserve. This marble was considered to be some of the best in the world and was mined for around thirty years. Examples of the famous Borenore red marble can be seen in Central Station, the Sydney GPO, the Commonwealth Trading Bank Building in Martin Place, and Jenolan Caves House as a mantelpiece.[1]
See also
References
- ^ a b c d Borenore Karst Conservation Reserve: Plan of Management (PDF) (PDF). Government of New South Wales. 2 April 2001. ISBN 0-7313-6988-2. Retrieved 14 September 2014.
{{cite book}}
:|work=
ignored (help) - ^ "Borenore Karst Conservation Reserve". Office of Environment and Heritage. Government of New South Wales. Retrieved 14 September 2014.
- ^ "Arch Cave". Dingo Gap Gallery. 2014. Retrieved 14 September 2014.
- ^ "Tunnel Cave". Dingo Gap Gallery. 2014. Retrieved 14 September 2014.
- ^ "Borenore Karst Conservation Reserve: About: Why you should visit". NSW National Parks & Wildlife Service. Government of New South Wales. Archived from the original on 14 September 2014. Retrieved 14 September 2014.
External links
- Borenore Karst Conservation Reserve – NSW Department of Environment and Climate Change
- Borenore Caves Reserve and Adjacent Areas – Aussie Heritage
- v
- t
- e
- Avisford
- Barton
- Binnaway
- Boronga
- Coolbaggie
- Copperhannia
- Dapper
- Eugowra
- Evans Crown
- Freemantle
- Girralang
- Koorawatha
- Macquarie Marshes
- Munghorn Gap
- Pilliga
- Quanda
- South West Woodland
- Tollingo
- Wambool
- Weetalibah
- Winburndale
- Woggoon
- Wongarbon
- Kajuligah
- Kemendok
- Ledknapper
- Morrisons
- Mutawintji
- Narran Lake
- Nearie Lake
- Nocoleche
- Nombinnie
- Paddington
- Round Hill
- Tarawi
- Yathong
- Awabakal
- Bandicoot Island
- Berrico
- Bird Island
- Boondelbah
- Bretti
- Brimbin Nature Reserve
- Bugan Nature Reserve
- Burning Mountain
- Bushy Island
- Camels Hump
- Camerons Gorge
- Cedar Brush
- Cockle Bay
- Coocumbac Island
- Coolongolook
- Corrie Island
- Coxcomb
- Darawank
- Durands Island
- Flat Island
- Goonook
- John Gould
- Karuah
- Khatambuhl
- Khappinghat
- Killabakh
- Killarney
- Lion Island
- Little Broughton Island
- Manobalai
- Mernot
- Mills Island
- Minimbah
- Moffats Swamp
- Monkerai
- Monkeycot
- Moon Island
- One Tree Island
- Pambalong
- Pelican Island
- Pulbah Island
- Regatta Island
- Rileys Island
- Saratoga Island
- Seaham Swamp
- Seal Rocks
- Snapper Island
- Spectacle Island
- Stormpetrel
- Talawahl
- The Glen
- Tilligerry
- Tingira Heights
- Towibakh
- Wallamba
- Wallis Island
- Wamberal Lagoon
- Wambina
- Watchimbark
- Weelah
- Wingen Maid
- Wingham Brush
- Yahoo Island
- Bamarang
- Barren Grounds
- Barrengarry
- Belowla Island
- Berkeley
- Brundee Swamp
- Brush Island
- Cambewarra Range
- Comerong Island
- Dharawal
- Five Islands
- Kangaroo River
- Narrawallee Creek
- Parma Creek
- Rodway
- Saltwater Swamp
- Tapitallee
- Triplarina
- Wogamia
- Woollamia
- Worrigee
- Yatteyattah
- Aberbaldie
- Arakoola
- Back River
- Bluff River
- Bolivia Hill
- Boomi
- Boomi West
- Booroolong
- Brigalow
- Budelah
- Burral Yurrul
- Captains Creek
- Careunga
- Demon
- Doctors Nose Mountain
- Donnybrook
- Dthinna Dthinnawan
- Duval
- Gamilaroi
- Georges Creek
- Gibraltar
- Guy Fawkes River
- Imbota
- Ironbark
- Jobs Mountain
- Kirramingly
- Linton
- Little Llangothlin
- Mann River
- Melville Range
- Midkin
- Mother Of Ducks Lagoon
- Mount Mackenzie
- Ngulin
- North Obelisk
- Pilliga
- Planchonella
- Serpentine
- Severn River
- Stony Batter Creek
- Taringa
- The Basin
- The Castles
- Tomalla
- Tuggolo Creek
- Wallabadah
- Watsons Creek
- Yina
- Andrew Johnston Big Scrub
- Baalijin
- Bagul Waajaarr
- Ballina
- Banyabba
- Billinudgel
- Boatharbour
- Bollanolla
- Boonanghi
- Boorganna
- Bowraville
- Bridal Veil Falls
- Broken Head
- Brunswick Heads
- Bungabbee
- Bungawalbin
- Burnt-Down Scrub
- Byrnes Scrub
- Chambigne
- Chapmans Peak
- Clarence Estuary
- Cobaki
- Comboyne
- Cook Island
- Cooperabung Creek
- Coramba
- Couchy Creek
- Cudgen
- Cudgera Creek
- Cumbebin Swamp
- Davis Scrub
- Deer Vale
- Duroby
- Fifes Knob
- Fishermans Bend
- Flaggy Creek
- Gads Sugarloaf
- Ganay
- Garby
- Hattons Bluff
- Hayters Hill
- Hogarth Range
- Hortons Creek
- Iluka
- Inner Pocket
- Jaaningga
- Jagun
- Jasper
- Jinangong
- Jobs Mountain
- Julian Rocks Nguthungulli
- Juugawaarri
- Kattang
- Killabakh
- Koorebang
- Kororo
- Koukandowie
- Lake Innes
- Limpinwood
- Little Pimlico Island
- Macquarie
- Marshalls Creek
- Moonee Beach
- Moore Park
- Mororo Creek
- Mount Hyland
- Mount Neville
- Mount Nullum
- Mount Seaview
- Muckleewee Mountain
- Muldiva
- Munro Island
- Muttonbird Island
- Ngambaa
- North Rock
- North Solitary Island
- North-West Solitary Island
- Numinbah
- Pee Dee
- Queens Lake
- Rawdon Creek
- Richmond River
- Sherwood
- Skillion
- Snows Gully
- South West Solitary Island
- Split Solitary Island
- Stotts Island
- Susan Island
- Tabbimoble Swamp
- Tallawudjah
- The Castles
- Tuckean
- Tucki Tucki
- Tweed Estuary
- Tyagarah
- Ukerebagh
- Uralba
- Valla
- Verges Creek
- Victoria Park
- Waragai Creek
- Willi Willi Caves
- Wilson
- Woodford Island
- Wooyung
- Woregore
- Yaegl
- Yarravel
- Yarringully
- Yessabah
- Big Bush
- Bimberi
- Bogandyera
- Boginderra Hills
- Buddigower
- Clarkes Hill
- Cocopara
- Courabyra
- Downfall
- Ellerslie
- Flagstaff Memorial
- Gubbata
- Ingalba
- Jerilderie
- Jingellic
- Lachlan Valley
- Lake Urana
- Langtree
- Loughnan
- Mudjarn
- Mullengandra
- Murrumbidgee Valley
- Nest Hill
- Nombinnie
- Pucawan
- Pulletop
- South West Woodland
- Tabletop
- The Rock
- The Charcoal Tank
- Ulandra
- Wiesners Swamp
- Yanga
- Araluen
- Badja Swamps
- Barunguba Montague Island
- Bees Nest
- Bell Bird Creek
- Bermaguee
- Binjura
- Black Andrew
- Bobundara
- Bondi Gulf
- Bournda
- Broulee Island
- Burnt School
- Burra Creek
- Burrinjuck
- Cecil Hoskins
- Coolumbooka
- Coornartha
- Cullendulla Creek
- Cuumbeun
- Dananbilla
- Dangelong
- Eagles Claw
- Egan Peaks
- Good Good
- Goorooyarroo
- Gungewalla
- Hattons Corner
- Illawong
- Illunie
- Ironmungy
- Jerralong
- Joadja
- Koorawatha
- Kuma
- Kybeyan
- Meringo
- Merriangaah
- Mount Clifford
- Mount Dowling
- Mundoonen
- Myalla
- Nadgee
- Nadgigomar
- Ngadang
- Nimmo
- Numeralla
- Oak Creek
- Paupong
- Queanbeyan
- Quidong
- Razorback
- Robertson
- Scabby Range
- Scott
- Stony Creek
- Strike-a-Light
- Tinderry
- Tollgate Islands
- Turallo
- Undoo
- Wadjan
- Wanna Wanna
- Wee Jasper
- Wollondilly River
- Wullwye
- Yanununbeyan
- Yaouk
- Young
- Agnes Banks
- Castlereagh
- Dalrymple-Hay
- Dural
- Gulguer
- Kemps Creek
- Long Island
- Mulgoa
- Muogamarra
- Newington
- Pitt Town
- Prospect
- Towra Point
- Wallumatta
- Windsor Downs
- Wianamatta